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Lewis’s Elementary Latin Dictionary
1890 American Book Company edition; pinned Perseus XML digitization
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English · Etymology
The adjective is a learned borrowing from Latin simplex ( “ plain, simple; single ” ) . The first part, sim- , comes from Proto-Indo-European * sem- , * sm̥- ( “ one; together ” ) . The second part, -plex , may be from * pleḱ- ( “ to weave ” ) .
The noun is derived from the adjective. The plural forms simplices and simplicia are learned borrowings from Latin simplicēs ( masculine or feminine ) and simplicia ( neuter ), respectively plural forms of simplex .
Noun sense 1 (“generalization of a triangle or tetrahedron to an arbitrary dimension”) was apparently coined by the Dutch mathematician Pieter Hendrik Schoute (1846–1913) as a short version of Simplicissimum in Mehrdimensionale Geometrie (in German, 1902). (In his pioneering works on algebraic topology , the French mathematician Henri Poincaré (1854–1912) had previously introduced the concept, but not the actual term simplex .)
French · Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin simplex .
Latin · Etymology
From sem- ( “ one; single- ” ) + -plex ( “ -fold ” ) . The first element (from Proto-Indo-European * sem- , * sm̥- ) does not occur independently in Latin, but is also seen in semel ( “ once ” ) and semper ( “ always, forever ” ) . De Vaan reconstructs Proto-Italic * sm̥-plak-s , but also reconstructs Proto-Italic * -plek-s .
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