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Lewis’s Elementary Latin Dictionary
1890 American Book Company edition; pinned Perseus XML digitization
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Latin · Etymology
Unknown . Often connected with Proto-Indo-European * leh₂y- ( “ lard, fat, grease ” ) (see lārdum , lāridum ( “ bacon ” ) and laetus ( “ fat, happy ” ) ), via Proto-Italic * lajes-ago- , though De Vaan finds this problematic and doubts that the long vowel is original. Compare also Ancient Greek λᾱρῑνός ( lārīnós , “ fattened; fatty ” ) , with -r- as in Latin perhaps coming from Proto-Indo-European * leh₂-r- ; this could further be a different suffixed form of the same Proto-Indo-European * leh₂- ( “ to fatten; fat ” ) whence * leh₂-y- , notwithstanding some phonetic and morphological difficulties. These roots are however disputed and more likely reflect Mediterranean substrate words or Wanderwörter , while Latin lāridum is thought to be a borrowing from Ancient Greek.
Also may be connected to lascīvus , from Proto-Indo-European * las- ( “ to be willing, covetous ” ) , if such a root exists, but the semantics are suspicious as well as the *a .
Prósper , presuming a sound law in which *d became *l before *a , derives largus from Proto-Indo-European * dl̥h₁gʰós via a sequence of either * dlāɣos > *dālɣos (with metathesis ) > *lālɣos > * lalgos > largus (with dissimilation ), or alternatively * dalaɣos > *lalaɣos > *lalɣos (with syncope ) > * lalgos > largus . (Note that these lambdacisms can alternatively be viewed as assimilation to the internal *l even if the sound law is not accepted.)
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