Borrowed from Latin digitus . Doublet of digit .
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Lewis’s Elementary Latin Dictionary
1890 American Book Company edition; pinned Perseus XML digitizationdigitus
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Traditionally derived from Proto-Italic * digitos , from Proto-Indo-European * deyǵ- ( “ to show, point out, pronounce solemnly ” ) , variant of the root * deyḱ- that also gave Latin dīcō ( “ to say, speak talk ” ) and English toe ; fingers were thus "pointers" or "indicators". De Vaan, however, is skeptical, as no other term exhibits a comparable change from * -ḱ- to a * -ǵ- . The "number" sense comes from the fact that fingers were used for counting up to ten.
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit दिशति ( diśáti , “ to show, point out ” ) , Ancient Greek δείκνῡμῐ ( deíknūmĭ , “ to show ” ) , δῐ́κη ( dĭ́kē , “ manner, custom ” ) , Old English tǣċan ( “ to show; to point out ” , English teach ) and tācn ( “ sign; token ” , English token ) ; compare the similar semantic shift in English teacher ( “ forefinger, index finger ” ) . The relation to Ancient Greek δᾰ́κτῠλος ( dắktŭlos , “ finger ” ) is unclear, particularly as the latter term's phonetics suggest a substrate origin.
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