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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
Imported dictionary evidence
These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.
35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL2 source sections across 1 headword matching “Scour”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.
scourEnglish (en) · Etymology 1Source text
From Middle English scǒuren (“to polish, scour; to clean; to beat, whip”), from Middle Dutch scuren, schuren (“to clean; to polish”) or Middle Low German schǖren, of uncertain origin but probably from Old French escurer, from Medieval Latin scūrō, escūrō, excūrō (“to clean off”), from ex- (“thoroughly”) + cūrō (“to arrange, see to, take care of”), from cūra (“care, concern”) (from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeys- (“to heed”)) + -ō. The word is cognate with Danish skure, Middle High German schüren, schiuren (modern German scheuern (“to scour, scrub; to chafe”)), Norwegian skura (“to scrub”), Swedish skura, Catalan escurar.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗scourEnglish (en) · Etymology 2Source text
From Middle English scǒuren, scure, skoure (“to move quickly; to travel around in search of enemies”), from scǒur (“attack, conflict; pang of emotional suffering”), from Old Norse skýra (“to rush in”) and skúr (“a shower; a shower of missiles”), perhaps influenced by the verb scǒuren: see etymology 1.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.
Chambers (1908)
1908- ScourEnglish · e-38700-834
Scour, skowr, v.t. to clean by rubbing with something rough: to cleanse from grease or dirt: to remove by rubbing: to cleanse by a current: to search thoroughly by scrubbing: to cleanse by brushing: to purge drastically.
Read the full source record → - ScourEnglish · e-38700-835
Scour, skowr, v.i. to run with swiftness: to scurry along.—v.t. to run quickly over.—n. Scour′er, a footpad. [O. Fr. escourre—L. excurrĕre, to run forth.]
Read the full source record →
019
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
noun combining formcontrarian claim
-logy
A bound English word element used in formations involving discourse or expression and in names of doctrines, theories, sciences, and fields of study.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nounhistorical form
adverb
A grammatical class commonly modifying verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, phrases, clauses, or sentences; the English term continues Latin adverbium.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗noun · verbhistorical form
dialogue
Conversation, represented speech, or an exchange of ideas; inherited through medieval French and Latin from a Greek speaking-family.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗noun · verbhistorical form
lecture
A formal instructional talk, named through a Latin lineage whose central action was reading.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nouncontrarian claim
prologue
An introductory speech, section, or event; inherited through medieval French and Latin from Greek prologos.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nounhistorical form
proverb
A brief traditional saying or maxim; English received the word through Anglo-French from Latin proverbium.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nouncontrarian claim
verb
A grammatical word class expressing action, occurrence, or state; English borrowed the label through Anglo-French from Latin verbum.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗adjectivehistorical form
verbal
Of, relating to, or consisting of words; also of verbs and, in one modern contrast, spoken rather than written.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗adverbhistorical form
verbatim
In exactly the same words; English borrowed the Medieval Latin adverb verbatim, built on verbum and -atim.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗027
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
●
Present-Day English / Indo-European
-logy
bound element forming nouns of expression, discourse, doctrine, theory, science, or study
- DATE
- Modern English
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Ancient Greek / Indo-European
-λογία
-logíāformation associated with speaking, discourse, or an account of a subject
- DATE
- Ancient Greek
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Present-Day English / Indo-European
lecture
an instructional discourse; later a formal reproof
- DATE
- 15th century–today
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Anglo-French / Indo-European
prologue
a prologue or prefatory discourse
- DATE
- Anglo-French period
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Latin / Indo-European
prologus
preface to a play or introductory discourse
- DATE
- Latin antiquity and Late Latin
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Latin / Indo-European
verbum
word, utterance, expression, language, discourse
- DATE
- Latin antiquity
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 5
Ancient Greek / Indo-European
διάλογος
dialogosconversation, dialogue, or discourse
- DATE
- Ancient Greek
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
039
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 5
resolvedestablishedposition text
Does -logy simply mean “the study of”?
No. Merriam-Webster gives oral or written expression as one sense and doctrine, theory, or science as another; American Heritage separately gives discourse or expression and science, theory, or study. “Study of” is a useful reading in many formations, not a universal historical definition.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Was a lecture originally spoken?
The immediate Latin ancestor lectūra meant an act of reading. The instructional spoken discourse is a later semantic development.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Does λόγος simply mean “logic”?
No. λόγος ranges across account, reckoning, explanation, speech, discourse, word, and reason; “logic” is one specialized descendant.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Does the -logue in prologue mean a field of study?
No. Greek prologos is pro- “before” plus logos “speech or discourse”: a speech beforehand. English -logy belongs to the same wider family but is not the component analyzed here.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Did verb always mean only the grammatical class?
No. Latin verbum broadly meant word, utterance, expression, language, or discourse and also developed the specialized grammatical sense.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 4
RANK 17GRADE Aranked reveal
-logy never simply meant “the study of.”
The bound form’s recorded range includes expression and discourse as well as doctrine, theory, science, and study. Its trail reaches Greek logos—word, speech, account, reckoning, reason—rather than a prehistoric word meaning “science.”
RANK 97GRADE Aranked reveal
A verb was once any word.
Latin verbum could mean word, utterance, expression, language, or discourse before and beside its technical grammatical sense. English inherited the specialized label.
RANK 167GRADE Aranked reveal
A prologue is speech before.
Greek prologos combines pro- “before” with logos “speech or discourse.” The modern general introduction grows from that theatrical structure.
RANK 207GRADE Aranked reveal
A lecture began as reading, not speaking.
Latin lectūra named an act of reading before English made it a discourse.
040
BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
No reviewed record in this collection contains “scour.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
050
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
No reviewed record in this collection contains “scour.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
06
SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF
EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.
Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.