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THE GRAPH.
Find a modern word—or search sideways through reconstructed roots, historical forms, meanings, languages, scholars, sources, claims, disputes, and witnesses.
WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
Imported dictionary evidence
These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.
35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL2 source sections across 1 headword matching “Cense”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.
censeEnglish (en) · Etymology 1Source text
Apheretic form of incense.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗censeEnglish (en) · Etymology 2Source text
Old French cense, French cens, Latin census.
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.
Browse the independently attributed sources →011
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
020
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
No reviewed record in this collection contains “cense.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
037
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 6
openestablishedposition text
Does the ODS Sanskrit comparison prove a direct Sanskrit-to-Danish line?
No. ODS preserves an older comparison with Sanskrit pīyati, while modern comparative work gives a reconstructed route. Neither source licenses a historical borrowing or direct line.
openestablishedposition text
Can one exact spoken pronunciation be recovered?
No recorded voice survives. The macron and grammatical spelling support a historical phonological analysis, but they do not license an audio-like exact realization.
resolvedprobableposition text
Does negative caisgen reveal the timeless core of cais?
No. The compound supplies one negative formation, not a license to reinterpret every positive citation as concealed hatred.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Do feógean, fiógan, feón, and fión prove separate lexemes?
No. They are presented inside one paradigm or as linked contracted forms. Variation in vowel, spelling, and contraction is evidence about the verb, not a license to multiply headwords.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is the c.1150-1200 Hatr token the first known use?
Not established. The inspected object proves a token in that codex; neither ONP nor the facsimile inspection licenses a global earliest-surviving-use claim.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Was Old High German wīb already the modern German insult?
The sources do not license that projection. Duden marks modern Weib increasingly discriminatory, while Old High German records preserve wīb in ordinary old-woman and married-woman expressions.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 1
RANK 192GRADE A-ranked reveal
The route is a network, not an arrow.
Russian чай reaches Chinese ch’a through a cluster of Turkic comparisons. Vasmer does not license one clean, uniquely named donor language.
040
BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
No reviewed record in this collection contains “cense.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
050
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
No reviewed record in this collection contains “cense.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.
06
SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF
EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.
Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.