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Lewis’s Elementary Latin Dictionary

summus

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This edition’s origin note

for * supimus; superus

Original source wording, not an independently verified *SET-U conclusion.

The complete extracted entry

n15877

Historical source text, not a reviewed *SET-U analysis. Claims and terminology belong to this edition.

summus adj. sup. Source etymology: for * supimus; superus , uppermost, highest, topmost : summis saxis fixus: iugum montis, Cs.: summa cacumina linquunt, V.: Summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus, etc., at the top , H.—As subst m., he who sits in the highest place, the head of the table : sermo, qui more maiorum a summo adhibetur, by the head of the table .—Partitive, the top of, highest part of, summit of : summus mons, the top of , Cs.: feriunt summos Fulgura montīs, mountain-tops , H.: in summā sacrā viā, on the highest part of : Ianus summus ab imo, H.: summam aquam attingere, C. poët.: mari summo, V.—As subst n., the top, surface, highest place, head : ab eius (frontis) summo rami diffunduntur, Cs.: non longe abesse a summo.—Of the voice, highest, loudest : summā voce, at the top of his voice , C., H.—Fig., of time or order, last, latest, final, extreme : Venit summa dies, V.: esse summā senectute.—Partitive, the last of, end of : Summo carmine, H.—Of rank or degree, highest, greatest, loftiest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme : timor: fides, constantia iustitiaque: bonum: summo magistratui praeesse, Cs.: concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia: scelus, S.: hiemps, the depths of winter : homines: amicus, the best friend , T.: summo rei p. tempore, at a most critical juncture : res p., the general welfare : ad summam rem p., L.: Quo res summa loco, Panthu? the general cause , V.: Mene socium summis adiungere rebus, in momentous enterprises , V.: agere summo iure tecum, deal exactingly .

Source locator viaf2845558.viaf001.xml entry n15877 (source key summus), lines 203532–203600

This entry-text adaptation is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Credit: Charlton T. Lewis · Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Perseus Digital Library. Changes: XML parsing, plain-text formatting and navigation. Original edition and digitization · Offer a source correction ↗

Where interpretation must slow down

  • Historical 1890 Latin dictionary, digitized by the Perseus Digital Library; not a current scholarly consensus or a newly reviewed SET-U analysis.
  • Explicit source etymology notes retain the dictionary's original claims and abbreviations. They are not asserted parent links, and not every entry supplies an origin.
  • Greek quotations in this particular source artifact use legacy Beta Code, preserved verbatim rather than silently converted into Greek Unicode.
  • The source's rare unresolved legacy entity tokens &acutemacr; and &cj; are retained literally. The original raw XML remains the authoritative transcription.
  • English glosses, cited examples and roots do not alone determine a word's contextual meaning. Missing ancestors in this source do not establish the limit of human knowledge.

An old root, gloss or concordance number does not determine the meaning of every later use. A word’s origin and its modern meaning are different questions.

This page does not invent a manuscript attestation, a sound-change sequence, a modern scholarly verdict or a complete ancestor tree. Missing detail is a limit of this source record, not necessarily a limit of scholarship.

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Edition, rights and traceability

An Elementary Latin Dictionary (1890) — Perseus Digital Library
Charlton T. Lewis · Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University
1890 American Book Company edition; pinned Perseus XML digitization

CC-BY-SA-4.0 ↗ · Perseus digitized text and SET-U's parsed/reformatted source records, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0; no claim over unrelated SET-U material

Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary (New York, Cincinnati and Chicago: American Book Company, 1890). Digital text: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/), gift in the name of Carol F. Ross. Source: https://github.com/PerseusDL/lexica/blob/1c34cdf756c63cf37db61bd366d733431dbd7aa0/CTS_XML_TEI/perseus/pdllex/lat/viaf2845558/viaf001/viaf2845558.viaf001.xml. SET-U removes XML presentation markup, decodes known character entities, adds paragraph/etymology labels, and preserves source Greek Beta Code and unresolved legacy tokens. These reformatted records are available under CC BY-SA 4.0, without additional restrictions or warranty. No textual corrections have been made; any future corrections must be offered to Perseus. No endorsement is implied.

The full extracted entry is rendered as plain text. Formatting and navigation are added by *SET-U; source wording is not silently rewritten as new analysis.

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Source locator
viaf2845558.viaf001.xml entry n15877 (source key summus), lines 203532–203600
Source record SHA-256
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Records SHA-256
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Published snapshot
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Acquired
2026-11-05T10:53:40.008Z · acquisition date, not first attestation
Parser
perseus-lewis-elementary-1
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