Paper

Paper, pā′pėr, n. the material made from rags or vegetable fibres on which we commonly write and print: a piece of paper: a written or printed document or instrument, note, receipt, bill, bond, deed, &c.: a newspaper: an essay or literary contribution, generally brief: paper-money: paper-hangings for walls: a set of examination questions: free passes of admission to a theatre, &c., also the persons admitted by such.—adj. consisting or made of paper.—v.t. to cover with paper: to fold in paper: to treat in any way by means of paper, as to sand-paper, &c.: to paste the end-papers and fly-leaves at the beginning and end of a book before fitting it into its covers.—ns. Pā′per-bar′on, or -lord, one who holds a title that is merely official, like that of a Scotch Lord of Session, &c., or whose title is merely by courtesy or convention; Pā′per-case, a box for holding writing materials, &c.; Pā′per-chase, the game of hounds and hares, when the hares scatter bits of paper to guide the hounds; Pā′per-cigar′, a cigarette; Pā′per-clamp, a frame for holding newspapers, sheets of music, &c., for easy reference; Pā′per-clip, or Letter-clip, an appliance with opening and closing spring, for holding papers together; Pā′per-cloth, a fabric prepared in many of the Pacific islands from the inner bark of the mulberry, &c.; Pā′per-cred′it, credit given to a person because he shows by bills, promissory notes, &c. that money is owing to him; Pā′per-cut′ter, a machine for cutting paper in sheets, for trimming the edges of books, &c.; Pā′per-day, one of certain days in each term for hearing causes down in the paper or roll of business; Pā′per-enam′el, an enamel for cards and fine note-paper.—adj. Pā′per-faced (Shak.), having a face as white as paper.—ns. Pā′per-feed′er, an apparatus for delivering sheets of paper to a printing-press, &c.; Pā′per-file, an appliance for holding letters, &c., for safety and readiness of reference; Pā′per-gauge, a rule for measuring the type-face of matter to be printed, and the width of the margin; Pā′per-hang′er, one who hangs paper on the walls of rooms, &c.—n.pl. Pā′per-hang′ings, paper, either plain or with coloured figures, for hanging on or covering walls.—ns. Pā′pering, the operation of covering or hanging with paper: the paper itself; Pā′per-knife, -cut′ter, -fold′er, a thin, flat blade of ivory, &c., for cutting open the leaves of books and other folded papers; Pā′per-mak′er, one who manufactures paper; Pā′per-mak′ing; Pā′per-mar′bler, one engaged in marbling paper; Pā′per-mill, a mill where paper is made; Pā′per-mon′ey, pieces of paper stamped or marked by government or by a bank, as representing a certain value of money, which pass from hand to hand instead of the coin itself; Pā′per-mus′lin, a glazed muslin for dress linings, &c.; Pā′per-nau′tilus, or -sail′or, the nautilus; Pā′per-off′ice, an office in Whitehall where state-papers are kept; Pā′per-pulp, the pulp from which paper is made; Pā′per-punch, an apparatus for piercing holes in paper; Pā′per-reed (B.), the papyrus; Pā′per-rul′er, one who, or an instrument which, makes straight lines on paper; Pā′per-stain′er, one who prepares paper-hangings; Pā′per-test′er, a machine for testing the stretching strength of paper; Pā′per-wash′ing (phot.), water in which prints have been washed; Pā′per-weight, a small weight for laying on a bundle of loose papers to prevent them from being displaced.—adj. Pā′pery, like paper.—Bristol paper or board, a strong smooth paper for drawing on; Brown-paper (see Brown); Chinese paper, rice-paper: a fine soft slightly brownish paper made from bamboo bark, giving fine impressions from engravings; Cream-laid paper, a smooth paper of creamy colour, much used for note-paper; Distinctive paper, a fine silk-threaded fibre paper used in the United States for bonds, &c.; Filter-paper (see Filter); Hand-made paper, that made wholly by hand, as still with some kinds of printing and drawing papers; Height-to-paper, in typefounding, the length of a type from its face to its foot (11⁄12 inch); Hot-pressed paper, paper polished by pressure between heated plates; Imperfect paper, sheets of poorer quality, as the two outside quires of a ream; India paper (see Indian); Japanese paper, a soft fine paper made from the bark of the paper-mulberry, giving good impressions of plate engravings; Lithographic paper, paper used for taking impressions from lithographic stones; Litmus paper (see Litmus); Marbled paper (see Marble); Parchment paper, a tough paper, prepared in imitation of parchment by dipping in diluted sulphuric acid and washing with weak ammonia; Plain paper, unruled paper: (phot.) any unglossy paper; Plate paper, the best class of book paper; Printing paper (see Print); Rag-paper, that made from the pulp of rags; Ruled paper, writing-paper ruled with lines for convenience; Sensitised paper (phot.), paper chemically treated so that its colour is affected by the action of light; State-paper (see State); Test-paper (see Test); Tissue-paper, a very thin soft paper for wrapping delicate articles, protecting engravings in books, &c.—also Silk-paper; Tracing-paper, transparent paper used for copying a design, &c., by laying it over the original, and copying the lines shown through it; Transfer-paper (see Transfer); Vellum paper, a heavy ungrained smooth paper, sometimes used in fine printing; Whatman paper, a fine quality of English paper, with fine or coarse grain, used for etchings, engravings, &c.; Wove paper, paper laid on flannel or felt, showing no marks of wires; Wrapping-paper, coarse paper used for wrapping up parcels, &c. [A shortened form of papyrus.]