*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of yen

From Medhurst and Hepburn’s romanizations, under the influence of earlier Portuguese romanizations, of Japanese 圓(えん) (en, “round; a round object”) as ye or yen, now 円(えん) (en), from Chinese 銀圓 /银圆 (yínyuán, “round silve

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

The unit of Japanese currency (symbol: ¥) since 1871, divided into 100 sen. · A coin or note worth one yen.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Medhurst and Hepburn’s romanizations, under the influence of earlier Portuguese romanizations, of Japanese 圓(えん) (en, “round; a round object”) as ye or yen, now 円(えん) (en), from Chinese 銀圓 /银圆 (yínyuán, “round silver object(s), especially a piece of eight”): 銀 /银 (yín, “silver”) + 圓 /圆 (yuán, “circular, round; yuan, yen, dollar”). Cognate with Chinese 元 (yuán, “monetary unit, especially RMB”) and Korean 원 (won, “North or South Korean won”). Doublet of won and yuan.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mention銀圓zh
  • Cognate mention元zh
  • Cognate mention원ko
  • Doublet mentionwonen
  • Doublet mentionyuanen
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "wp",
      "args": {
        "1": "Japanese +"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ja",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese"
    },
    {
      "name": "ja-r",
      "args": {
        "1": "圓",
        "2": "えん",
        "3": "round; a round object"
      },
      "expansion": "圓(えん) (en, “round; a round object”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "ja-r",
      "args": {
        "1": "円",
        "2": "えん"
      },
      "expansion": "円(えん) (en)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "zh",
        "3": "銀圓",
        "4": "",
        "5": "round silver object(s), especially a piece of eight",
        "tr": "yínyuán"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese 銀圓 /银圆 (yínyuán, “round silver object(s), especially a piece of eight”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "元",
        "3": "",
        "4": "monetary unit, especially RMB",
        "tr": "yuán"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese 元 (yuán, “monetary unit, especially RMB”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "원",
        "3": "",
        "4": "North or South Korean won"
      },
      "expansion": "Korean 원 (won, “North or South Korean won”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "won",
        "3": "yuan"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of won and yuan"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "圓(えん)",
      "圓#Japanese"
    ],
    [
      "round",
      "round#Adjective"
    ],
    [
      "round",
      "round#Adjective"
    ],
    [
      "object",
      "object"
    ],
    [
      "円(えん)",
      "円#Japanese"
    ],
    [
      "銀圓",
      "銀圓#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "银圆",
      "银圆#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "silver",
      "silver#Adjective"
    ],
    [
      "piece of eight",
      "piece of eight"
    ],
    [
      "銀",
      "銀#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "银",
      "银#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "圓",
      "圓#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "圆",
      "圆#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "circular",
      "circular"
    ],
    [
      "yuan",
      "yuan"
    ],
    [
      "dollar",
      "dollar"
    ],
    [
      "元",
      "元#Chinese"
    ],
    [
      "monetary unit",
      "monetary unit"
    ],
    [
      "RMB",
      "RMB"
    ],
    [
      "원",
      "원#Korean"
    ],
    [
      "North",
      "North Korea"
    ],
    [
      "South Korea",
      "South Korea"
    ],
    [
      "won",
      "won"
    ],
    [
      "won",
      "won#English"
    ],
    [
      "yuan",
      "yuan#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
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      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The unit of Japanese currency (symbol: ¥) since 1871, divided into 100 sen.",
        "A coin or note worth one yen."
      ],
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 221470
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  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A strong desire, urge, or yearning.

verb

To have a strong desire for.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Origin uncertain, but probably from Cantonese 癮 /瘾 (jan⁵, “craving”) originally in reference to opium addiction, 煙癮 /烟瘾 (jin¹ jan⁵) or 菸癮 /烟瘾 (jin¹ jan⁵): 煙 /烟 (jin¹), 菸 /烟 (jin¹, “smoke, specifically opium”). Compare the later yen (“opium”) and yen-yen.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mention癮yue
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
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      "name": "sup",
      "args": {
        "1": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "⁵"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "yue",
        "3": "癮",
        "4": "",
        "5": "craving",
        "tr": "jan⁵"
      },
      "expansion": "Cantonese 癮 /瘾 (jan⁵, “craving”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "sup",
      "args": {
        "1": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "¹"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "癮",
      "癮#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "瘾",
      "瘾#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "craving",
      "craving#Noun"
    ],
    [
      "煙癮",
      "煙癮#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "烟瘾",
      "烟瘾#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "菸癮",
      "菸癮#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "烟瘾",
      "烟瘾#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "煙",
      "煙#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "烟",
      "烟#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "菸",
      "菸#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "烟",
      "烟#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "smoke",
      "smoke#Noun"
    ],
    [
      "opium",
      "opium"
    ],
    [
      "yen",
      "#Etymology 3"
    ],
    [
      "yen-yen",
      "yen-yen#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A strong desire, urge, or yearning."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "18046077a4c46e6dadeca758f93bfce96863441951471ce7420d7a0164739bea",
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      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To have a strong desire for."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
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Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
noun

Opium.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Mandarin 煙 /烟 (yān), 菸 /烟 (yān), or Cantonese 煙 /烟 (jin¹), 菸 /烟 (jin¹, “smoke, specifically opium”). Compare the earlier yen (“strong desire”) and later yen-yen.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mention煙cmn
  • Derivation mention煙yue
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cmn",
        "3": "煙"
      },
      "expansion": "Mandarin 煙 /烟 (yān)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "yue",
        "3": "煙"
      },
      "expansion": "Cantonese 煙 /烟 (jin¹)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "煙",
      "煙#Mandarin"
    ],
    [
      "烟",
      "烟#Mandarin"
    ],
    [
      "菸",
      "菸#Mandarin"
    ],
    [
      "烟",
      "烟#Mandarin"
    ],
    [
      "煙",
      "煙#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "烟",
      "烟#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "菸",
      "菸#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "烟",
      "烟#Cantonese"
    ],
    [
      "jin¹",
      "jin1"
    ],
    [
      "smoke",
      "smoke#Noun"
    ],
    [
      "opium",
      "opium"
    ],
    [
      "yen",
      "#Etymology 2"
    ],
    [
      "yen-yen",
      "yen-yen#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
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      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "Opium."
      ],
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        "slang",
        "uncountable"
      ],
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for yen →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-eWVu