Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To cry out; make a loud, unpleasant noise; shriek; yell. · To scold; grumble.
From Middle English ȝarmen, ȝermen, from Old English ġyrman, ġierman (“to cry, mourn, cry out, roar, lament”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-West Germanic *jarmijan, from Proto-Germanic *jarmijaną, *jarmōną (“to bellow, bleat”). Cognate with Scots yirm (“to whine, wail”), dialectal Danish jærme (“to lament, shriek”), dialectal Norwegian jerme (“to bleat”), dialectal Swedish jarma (“to lament, shriek”), Icelandic jarma (“to whine, complain, bleat”). Compare Albanian jerm (“to rave, be delirious”). Compare English yammer.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionȝarmenenm
- Inherited-form mentionġyrmanang
- Inherited-form mention*jarmijangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*jarmijanągem-pro
- Cognate mentionyirmsco · to whine, wail
- Cognate mentionjærmeda · to lament, shriek
- Cognate mentionjermeno
- Cognate mentionjarmasv
- Cognate mentionjarmais
- Cognate mentionjermsq
- Non-cognate comparisonyammeren
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ȝarmen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ȝarmen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġyrman"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġyrman"
},
{
"name": "unc",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain"
},
{
"name": "inh",
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*jarmijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *jarmijan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jarmijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jarmijaną"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "yirm",
"t": "to whine, wail"
},
"expansion": "Scots yirm (“to whine, wail”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "jærme",
"t": "to lament, shriek"
},
"expansion": "Danish jærme (“to lament, shriek”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "jerme",
"3": "",
"4": "to bleat"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian jerme (“to bleat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "jarma",
"3": "",
"4": "to lament, shriek"
},
"expansion": "Swedish jarma (“to lament, shriek”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "jarma",
"3": "",
"4": "to whine, complain, bleat"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic jarma (“to whine, complain, bleat”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "jerm",
"3": "",
"4": "to rave, be delirious"
},
"expansion": "Albanian jerm (“to rave, be delirious”)"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yammer"
},
"expansion": "English yammer"
}
],
"links": [
[
"ȝarmen",
"ȝarmen#Middle_English"
],
[
"ȝermen",
"ȝermen#Middle_English"
],
[
"ġyrman",
"gyrman#Old_English"
],
[
"ġierman",
"gierman#Old_English"
],
[
"*jarmijan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/jarmijan"
],
[
"*jarmijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jarmijaną"
],
[
"*jarmōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jarmōną"
],
[
"yirm",
"yirm#Scots"
],
[
"jærme",
"jærme#Danish"
],
[
"jerme",
"jerme#Norwegian"
],
[
"jarma",
"jarma#Swedish"
],
[
"jarma",
"jarma#Icelandic"
],
[
"jerm",
"jerm#Albanian"
],
[
"yammer",
"yammer#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To cry out; make a loud, unpleasant noise; shriek; yell.",
"To scold; grumble."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
],
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