*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of viper

From Middle French vipere, from Old French vipre, from Latin vīpera, contracted from vīvipara f (“viviparous”, adj.), from vīvus (“alive”, adj.) + parere (“to bear”, verb). Doublet of weever and wyvern.

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A venomous snake in the family Viperidae. · Any venomous snake. · A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant person. · A person who smokes marijuana.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle French vipere, from Old French vipre, from Latin vīpera, contracted from vīvipara f (“viviparous”, adj.), from vīvus (“alive”, adj.) + parere (“to bear”, verb). Doublet of weever and wyvern.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷeyh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "vipere"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French vipere"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "vipre"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French vipre"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vīpera"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vīpera"
    },
    {
      "name": "affix",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "vīvus",
        "3": "pario",
        "pos1": "adj.",
        "t1": "alive",
        "alt2": "parere",
        "pos2": "verb",
        "t2": "to bear",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "vīvus (“alive”, adj.) + parere (“to bear”, verb)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "weever",
        "3": "wyvern"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of weever and wyvern"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "vipere",
      "vipere#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "vipre",
      "vipre#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "vīpera",
      "vipera#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "vīvipara",
      "viviparus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "vīvus",
      "vivus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "parere",
      "pario#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "weever",
      "weever#English"
    ],
    [
      "wyvern",
      "wyvern#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A venomous snake in the family Viperidae.",
        "Any venomous snake.",
        "A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant person.",
        "A person who smokes marijuana."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "figuratively",
        "slang"
      ],
      "recordId": "c6014a0f171a7b5171e6f4ae0c03a551a75abbfd48b19e2ce96b9cf34c9abe6e",
      "rawRecordSha256": "dddc7763a1888ef675474f627ee0df911e70034df35ea3f7359225c073ac3d5b",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 166888
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for viper →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-dmlwZXI