*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of upset

From Middle English upset (“the act of setting up; establishment”), from Middle English upsetten, corresponding to up- + set. Cognate with Middle Low German upset (“setup; arrangement”).

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
verb

To make (a person) angry, distressed, or unhappy. · To disturb, disrupt or adversely alter (something). · To tip or overturn (something). · To defeat unexpectedly.

noun

Disturbance or disruption. · An unexpected victory of a competitor or candidate that was not favored to win. · An overturn. · An upset stomach.

adj

Angry, distressed, or unhappy · Feeling unwell, nauseated, or ready to vomit.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English upset (“the act of setting up; establishment”), from Middle English upsetten, corresponding to up- + set. Cognate with Middle Low German upset (“setup; arrangement”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionupsetenm · the act of setting up; establishment
  • Derivation mentionupsettenenm
  • Word-formation componentup-en
  • Word-formation componentseten
  • Cognate mentionupsetgml · setup; arrangement

This page abbreviates 8 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "upset",
        "t": "the act of setting up; establishment"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English upset (“the act of setting up; establishment”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "upsetten"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English upsetten"
    },
    {
      "name": "af",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "up-",
        "3": "set"
      },
      "expansion": "up- + set"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "upset",
        "t": "setup; arrangement"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German upset (“setup; arrangement”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "upset",
      "upset#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "upsetten",
      "upsetten#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "up-",
      "up-#English"
    ],
    [
      "set",
      "set#English"
    ],
    [
      "upset",
      "upset#Middle_Low_German"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To make (a person) angry, distressed, or unhappy.",
        "To disturb, disrupt or adversely alter (something).",
        "To tip or overturn (something).",
        "To defeat unexpectedly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "0e701a13c1631b2f1a5509eee1b09775b8d642bf7d08ef745401a4d39b84dff4",
      "rawRecordSha256": "ae1c44d4dd666b7abd87d2af237b28bcb61d09eb5539c1995f4792a0f4e4f659",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 35292
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "Disturbance or disruption.",
        "An unexpected victory of a competitor or candidate that was not favored to win.",
        "An overturn.",
        "An upset stomach."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "countable"
      ],
      "recordId": "2ddcddc7f55f4211ea4403936548f4b38efe4f4aab19c1f2c2c5adea980481d8",
      "rawRecordSha256": "3381526da94365ddbfc7ad7899af4e38a8865ff640ff527b0e504cb4b2d2db47",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 35291
    },
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Angry, distressed, or unhappy",
        "Feeling unwell, nauseated, or ready to vomit."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "predicative"
      ],
      "recordId": "eee4f52d0a247bbed7de3257bf63d1881a31b82453f687e97fc4fd7bf85832e6",
      "rawRecordSha256": "233e5f95863257978e11f25fc442a478e069f5c2e08221c48c1bc07e2d19c123",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 35290
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 8,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for upset →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-dXBzZXQ