*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of trial

Etymology tree Old French trier Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālislbor. Old French -al Anglo-Norman trialubor. Middle English trial Englis

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
adj

Pertaining to a trial or test. · Attempted on a provisional or experimental basis.

noun

An occasion on which a person or thing is tested to find out how well they perform or how suitable they are. · The testing of a product or procedure. · A research study to test the effectiveness and safety of a drug, medical procedure, etc. · An event in which athletes’ or animals’ abilities are tested as they compete for a place on a team, or to move on to the next level of a championship, for example.

verb

To carry out a series of tests on (a new product, procedure etc.) before marketing or implementing it. · To try out (a new player) in a sports team.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Old French trier Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālislbor. Old French -al Anglo-Norman trialubor. Middle English trial English trial From Middle English trial, triall, from Anglo-Norman trial, triel, from trier (“to pick out, cull”) + -al. More at English try.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentiontrialenm

This page abbreviates 6 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:trial<ety:ubor<xno:trial>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nOld French trier\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -al\nAnglo-Norman trialubor.\nMiddle English trial\nEnglish trial\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to try such as in a court of law\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"trier\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Anglo-Norman\", \"term\" : \"trial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"xno\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"trial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"trial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"trial\">"
    },
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      },
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    },
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    }
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      "trier#Old_French"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
    ],
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      "*-is",
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    ],
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    ],
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      "-al#Old_French"
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    ],
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      "trial",
      "trial#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "trial",
      "trial#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "triall",
      "triall#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "trial",
      "trial#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "triel",
      "triel#Old_French"
    ],
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      "trier",
      "trier#Old_French"
    ],
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      "-al",
      "-al#Old_French"
    ],
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      "try",
      "try#English"
    ]
  ],
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  "lexical": [
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        "Pertaining to a trial or test.",
        "Attempted on a provisional or experimental basis."
      ],
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        "A research study to test the effectiveness and safety of a drug, medical procedure, etc.",
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
adj

Characterized by having three (usually equivalent) components. · Triple. · Pertaining to a language form referring to three of something, like people. (See Ambai language for an example.)

noun

The trial number.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Latin tri- (stem of trēs (“three”)) + -al, on the pattern of dual.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mentiontri-la
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
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      },
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    }
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    ],
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      "trēs",
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for trial →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-dHJpYWw