Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗A severe pang or spasm of pain, especially one experienced when the uterus contracts during childbirth, or when a person is about to die. · The pain of labour or childbirth; the suffering of death. · Any severe pang or spasm, especially an outburst of feeling; a paroxysm. · A hard struggle, especially one associated with the beginning or finishing of a task.
To cause (someone) to feel throes, as if in childbirth; to put in agony. · To feel throes; to struggle in extreme pain; to be in agony; to agonize.
The noun is probably derived partly: * from Middle English throu, throwe (“(chiefly in the plural) uterine contraction during the birth of a child; pain experienced while giving birth; suffering; a pain; emotional distress, anxiety”) [and other forms], perhaps from: ** Old English þrawu (rare), a variant of þrēa (“affliction, torment; disaster; oppression; a rebuke; severity; threat”), from Proto-West Germanic *þrau, from Proto-Germanic *þrawō (“longing; suffering”), from Proto-Indo-European *trewh₁-; and ** Old English þrōwian (“to endure, suffer”), from Proto-Germanic *þrōwijaną, probably from *þrawō (see above); and ** Old Norse þrá (“longing, yearning”), from Proto-Germanic *þrawō (see above); and * from Middle English throuen (“to endure distress, suffer; to be ill, to have a fever; to suffer (death, hardship, illness, punishment, etc.); to endure (sadness, hard work, etc.)”) [and other forms], from Old English þrōwian (see above). The current spelling of the word is a 16th-century variant of Middle English throu, throwe, perhaps to avoid confusion with throw (“act of turning or twisting; fit of bad temper or peevishness; look of anger, bad temper, irritation, etc., a grimace”). The verb is derived: * from the noun; and * perhaps from Middle English throuen (verb) (see above).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*trewh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionthrouenm
- Inherited-form mentionþrawuang
- Inherited-form mention*þraugmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*þrawōgem-pro · longing; suffering
- Inherited-form mention*trewh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionþrōwianang · to endure, suffer
- Inherited-form mention*þrōwijanągem-pro
- Derivation mentionþránon · longing, yearning
- Derivation mention*þrawōgem-pro
- Inherited-form mentionthrouenenm · to endure distress, suffer; to be ill, to have a fever; to suffer (death, hardship, illness, punishment, etc.); to endure (sadness, hard work, etc.)
- Inherited-form mentionþrōwianang
- Cognate mentionthrouenm
- Inherited-form mentionthrouenenm
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trewh₁-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "throu"
},
"expansion": "Middle English throu"
},
{
"name": "nb...",
"args": {
"1": "thrau, thraw, thro, throghe, traue, þrae, þraue, þrawe, þrowe, (Northern England) thrau, thrawe, (Early Middle English) þrahe",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrawu"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrawu"
},
{
"name": "qualifier",
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þrau"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þrau"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrawō",
"t": "longing; suffering"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrawō (“longing; suffering”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trewh₁-"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrōwian",
"t": "to endure, suffer"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrōwian (“to endure, suffer”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrōwijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrōwijaną"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "þrá",
"t": "longing, yearning"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þrá (“longing, yearning”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrawō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrawō"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "throuen",
"t": "to endure distress, suffer; to be ill, to have a fever; to suffer (death, hardship, illness, punishment, etc.); to endure (sadness, hard work, etc.)"
},
"expansion": "Middle English throuen (“to endure distress, suffer; to be ill, to have a fever; to suffer (death, hardship, illness, punishment, etc.); to endure (sadness, hard work, etc.)”)"
},
{
"name": "nb...",
"args": {
"1": "throwen, (Early Middle English) þrowin, þrowæn, þrowian, þrowiæn, þrowigen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þrōwian"
},
"expansion": "Old English þrōwian"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "throu"
},
"expansion": "Middle English throu"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "throuen",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English throuen (verb)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"throu",
"throu#Middle_English"
],
[
"throwe",
"throwe#Middle_English"
],
[
"þrawu",
"þrawu#Old_English"
],
[
"þrēa",
"þrea#Old_English"
],
[
"*þrau",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þrau"
],
[
"*þrawō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrawō"
],
[
"*trewh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trewh₁-"
],
[
"þrōwian",
"þrowian#Old_English"
],
[
"*þrōwijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrōwijaną"
],
[
"*þrawō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrawō"
],
[
"þrá",
"þrá#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*þrawō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrawō"
],
[
"throuen",
"throuen#Middle_English"
],
[
"þrōwian",
"þrowian#Old_English"
],
[
"throu",
"throu#Middle_English"
],
[
"throwe",
"throwe#Middle_English"
],
[
"throw",
"throw#English"
],
[
"throuen",
"throuen#Middle_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A severe pang or spasm of pain, especially one experienced when the uterus contracts during childbirth, or when a person is about to die.",
"The pain of labour or childbirth; the suffering of death.",
"Any severe pang or spasm, especially an outburst of feeling; a paroxysm.",
"A hard struggle, especially one associated with the beginning or finishing of a task."
],
"tags": [
"error-lua-exec",
"plural-normally",
"figuratively"
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{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone) to feel throes, as if in childbirth; to put in agony.",
"To feel throes; to struggle in extreme pain; to be in agony; to agonize."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
"recordId": "c85a32660e5805c29d23511d407047caa03ec0b51d2878e3fbdb7086b709a5fc",
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
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"lexicalRecords": 0,
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}
}