*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of then

From Middle English then(ne), than(ne), from Old English þonne, þanne, þænne (“then, at that time”), from Proto-West Germanic *þan, from Proto-Germanic *þan (“at that (time), then”), from earlier *þam, from Proto-Indo-Eu

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
adv

At that time. · Soon afterward. · Next in order of place. · In addition; also; besides.

noun

That time.

adj

Being so at that time.

conj

Obsolete spelling of than. · Misspelling of than.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English then(ne), than(ne), from Old English þonne, þanne, þænne (“then, at that time”), from Proto-West Germanic *þan, from Proto-Germanic *þan (“at that (time), then”), from earlier *þam, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative masculine of *só (“demonstrative pronoun, that”). Cognate with Dutch dan (“then”), German dann (“then”), Swedish då (“then”), Icelandic þá (“then”). Doublet of than.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionthen(ne)enm
  • Inherited-form mentionþonneang
  • Inherited-form mention*þangmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*þangem-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*tómine-pro
  • Cognate mentiondannl
  • Cognate mentiondannde
  • Cognate mentiondåsv
  • Cognate mentionþáis

This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "then(ne)"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English then(ne)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þonne"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þonne"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þan"
    },
    {
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        "5": "at that (time), then"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þan (“at that (time), then”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tóm"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "then"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch dan (“then”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "dann",
        "3": "",
        "4": "then"
      },
      "expansion": "German dann (“then”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "då",
        "3": "",
        "4": "then"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish då (“then”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "þá",
        "3": "",
        "4": "then"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic þá (“then”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "dbt",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "than"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of than"
    }
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  "links": [
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      "than#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "thanne#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "þonne",
      "þonne#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þanne",
      "þanne#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þænne",
      "þænne#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*þan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þan"
    ],
    [
      "*þan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þan"
    ],
    [
      "*tóm",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tóm"
    ],
    [
      "*só",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/só"
    ],
    [
      "dan",
      "dan#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "dann",
      "dann#German"
    ],
    [
      "då",
      "då#Swedish"
    ],
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      "þá",
      "þá#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "than",
      "than#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
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        "Being so at that time."
      ],
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        "Misspelling of than."
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}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for then →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-dGhlbg