*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of than

From Middle English than, thanne (“than; then”), from Old English þanne, a variant of þonne (“then; when; than”), from Proto-West Germanic *þannē, an alteration of *þan (“then; than”), from Proto-Germanic *þan (“then; th

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
adv

At that time; then.

prep

Introduces a comparison, and is associated with comparatives, and with words such as more, less, and fewer. Typically, it seeks to measure the force of an adjective or similar description between two predicates.

conj

Used in comparisons, to introduce the basis of comparison. · Because; for.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English than, thanne (“than; then”), from Old English þanne, a variant of þonne (“then; when; than”), from Proto-West Germanic *þannē, an alteration of *þan (“then; than”), from Proto-Germanic *þan (“then; than”), from earlier *þam, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative masculine of *só (“that”, demonstrative pronoun). Cognate with Dutch dan (“then; than”), German denn (“for; so”), German dann (“then”). Doublet of then.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionthanenm
  • Inherited-form mentionþanneang
  • Inherited-form mention*þannēgmw-pro
  • Derivation mention*þangem-pro · then; than
  • Derivation mention*tómine-pro
  • Cognate mentiondannl · then; than
  • Cognate mentiondennde · for; so
  • Cognate mentiondannde · then
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "than"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English than"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þanne"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þanne"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þannē"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þannē"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
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        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þan",
        "t": "then; than"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þan (“then; than”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tóm"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dan",
        "t": "then; than"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch dan (“then; than”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "denn",
        "t": "for; so"
      },
      "expansion": "German denn (“for; so”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "dann",
        "t": "then"
      },
      "expansion": "German dann (“then”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "than",
      "than#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
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      "thanne#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
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      "þanne#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þonne",
      "þonne#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*þannē",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þannē"
    ],
    [
      "*þan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þan"
    ],
    [
      "*þan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þan"
    ],
    [
      "*tóm",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tóm"
    ],
    [
      "*só",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/só"
    ],
    [
      "dan",
      "dan#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "denn",
      "denn#German"
    ],
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      "dann",
      "dann#German"
    ],
    [
      "then",
      "then#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
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      "glosses": [
        "At that time; then."
      ],
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    },
    {
      "pos": "conj",
      "glosses": [
        "Used in comparisons, to introduce the basis of comparison.",
        "Because; for."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
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    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
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  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for than →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-dGhhbg