Etymology of thud

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗

verb

To make the sound of a dull impact.

noun

The sound of a dull impact. · A hard, dull impact. · A slower, dull impact with a wide surface area.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English thudden (“to strike with a weapon”), from Old English þyddan (“to strike, press, thrust”), from Proto-Germanic *þuddijaną, *þiudijaną (“to strike, thrust”), from Proto-Germanic *þūhaną, *þeuhaną (“to press”), from Proto-Indo-European *tūk- (“to beat”). Cognate with Old English þoddettan (“to strike, push, batter”), Old English þȳdan (“to strike, stab, thrust, press”), Old English þēowan (“to press”), Albanian thundër (“a hoof, talon, a shaft", figuratively, "oppression, torment”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inherited-form mentionthuddenenm · to strike with a weapon
Inherited-form mentionþyddanang · to strike, press, thrust
Inherited-form mention*þuddijanągem-pro
Derivation mention*þūhanągem-pro
Derivation mention*tūk-ine-pro · to beat
Cognate mentionþoddettanang · to strike, push, batter
Cognate mentionþȳdanang · to strike, stab, thrust, press
Cognate mentionþēowanang · to press
Cognate mentionthundërsq · a hoof, talon, a shaft", figuratively, "oppression, torment

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "thudden",
        "t": "to strike with a weapon"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English thudden (“to strike with a weapon”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þyddan",
        "t": "to strike, press, thrust"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þyddan (“to strike, press, thrust”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þuddijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þuddijaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þūhaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þūhaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tūk-",
        "t": "to beat"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tūk- (“to beat”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þoddettan",
        "t": "to strike, push, batter"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þoddettan (“to strike, push, batter”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þȳdan",
        "t": "to strike, stab, thrust, press"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þȳdan (“to strike, stab, thrust, press”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þēowan",
        "t": "to press"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þēowan (“to press”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "thundër",
        "t": "a hoof, talon, a shaft\", figuratively, \"oppression, torment"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian thundër (“a hoof, talon, a shaft\", figuratively, \"oppression, torment”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "thudden",
      "thudden#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "þyddan",
      "þyddan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*þuddijaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þuddijaną"
    ],
    [
      "*þiudijaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þiudijaną"
    ],
    [
      "*þūhaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þūhaną"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuhaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuhaną"
    ],
    [
      "*tūk-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tūk-"
    ],
    [
      "þoddettan",
      "þoddettan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þȳdan",
      "þydan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þēowan",
      "þeowan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "thundër",
      "thundër#Albanian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To make the sound of a dull impact."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
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    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The sound of a dull impact.",
        "A hard, dull impact.",
        "A slower, dull impact with a wide surface area."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "bb304a0a011bc27b5759f725fdafd7350e8acf31388feeb0d9ebc0bcce8a8bb3",
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 432380
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

The source etymologies

Unnumbered source etymology

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot