Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA set of draught animals, such as two horses in front of a carriage. · Any group of people involved in the same activity, especially sports or work. · A group of animals moving together, especially young ducks. · A royalty or privilege granted by royal charter to a lord of a manor, of having, keeping, and judging in his court, his bondmen, neifes, and villains, and their offspring, or suit, that is, goods and chattels, and appurtenances thereto.
From Middle English tem, teem, teme, from Old English tēam (“child-bearing, offspring, brood, set of draught animals”), from Proto-West Germanic *taum, from Proto-Germanic *taumaz (“that which draws or pulls”), from Proto-Germanic *taugijaną, *tugōną, *teuhōną, *teuhaną (“to lead, bring, pull, draw”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull, lead”). Cognate with Scots team, teem (“a chain, harness”), Saterland Frisian Toom (“bridle; breeding”), West Frisian team (“bridle, team”), Dutch toom (“bridle, reins, flock of birds”), German Low German Toom (“bridle”), German Zaum (“bridle”), Danish tømme (“rein”), Swedish töm (“leash, rein”). More at teem, tie, tow.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*dewk-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentiontemenm
- Inherited-form mentiontēamang
- Inherited-form mention*taumgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*taumazgem-pro · that which draws or pulls
- Derivation mention*taugijanągem-pro
- Derivation mention*dewk-ine-pro · to pull, lead
- Cognate mentionteamsco
- Cognate mentionToomstq · bridle; breeding
- Cognate mentionteamfy · bridle, team
- Cognate mentiontoomnl · bridle, reins, flock of birds
- Cognate mentionZaumde · bridle
- Cognate mentiontømmeda · rein
- Cognate mentiontömsv · leash, rein
This page abbreviates 5 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tem"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tem"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tēam",
"4": "",
"5": "child-bearing, offspring, brood, set of draught animals"
},
"expansion": "Old English tēam (“child-bearing, offspring, brood, set of draught animals”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*taum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *taum"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*taumaz",
"t": "that which draws or pulls"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *taumaz (“that which draws or pulls”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*taugijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *taugijaną"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"t": "to pull, lead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull, lead”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "team"
},
"expansion": "Scots team"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Toom",
"t": "bridle; breeding"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Toom (“bridle; breeding”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "team",
"t": "bridle, team"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian team (“bridle, team”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "toom",
"t": "bridle, reins, flock of birds"
},
"expansion": "Dutch toom (“bridle, reins, flock of birds”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Toom",
"t": "bridle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Toom (“bridle”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zaum",
"t": "bridle"
},
"expansion": "German Zaum (“bridle”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "tømme",
"t": "rein"
},
"expansion": "Danish tømme (“rein”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "töm",
"t": "leash, rein"
},
"expansion": "Swedish töm (“leash, rein”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"tem",
"tem#Middle_English"
],
[
"teem",
"teem#Middle_English"
],
[
"teme",
"teme#Middle_English"
],
[
"tēam",
"team#Old_English"
],
[
"brood",
"brood"
],
[
"*taum",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/taum"
],
[
"*taumaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/taumaz"
],
[
"*taugijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/taugijaną"
],
[
"*tugōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tugōną"
],
[
"*teuhōną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/teuhōną"
],
[
"*teuhaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/teuhaną"
],
[
"*dewk-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dewk-"
],
[
"team",
"team#Scots"
],
[
"teem",
"teem#Scots"
],
[
"Toom",
"Toom#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"team",
"team#West_Frisian"
],
[
"toom",
"toom#Dutch"
],
[
"Toom",
"Toom#Low_German"
],
[
"Zaum",
"Zaum#German"
],
[
"tømme",
"tømme#Danish"
],
[
"töm",
"töm#Swedish"
],
[
"teem",
"teem#English"
],
[
"tie",
"tie#English"
],
[
"tow",
"tow#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"word": "թիմ",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tʻim"
},
{
"lang": "Bengali",
"lang_code": "bn",
"word": "টীম",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ṭim"
},
{
"lang": "Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "tim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "tým",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"word": "tim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
]
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"word": "teamo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "tiimi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"word": "tim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"word": "kime",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"word": "टीम",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ṭīm"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "チーム",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "chīmu"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "팀",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tim"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"word": "тим",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tim"
},
{
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"word": "tīma",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"word": "टीम",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ṭīm"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"word": "tîm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Pashto",
"lang_code": "ps",
"word": "ټيم",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ṭim"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"word": "تیم",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tim"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "time",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang_code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "тим"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tim"
}
]
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "tím",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"word": "timu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "team",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"word": "tim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"word": "ทีม",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "tiim"
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A set of draught animals, such as two horses in front of a carriage.",
"Any group of people involved in the same activity, especially sports or work.",
"A group of animals moving together, especially young ducks.",
"A royalty or privilege granted by royal charter to a lord of a manor, of having, keeping, and judging in his court, his bondmen, neifes, and villains, and their offspring, or suit, that is, goods and chattels, and appurtenances thereto."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"UK"
],
"recordId": "a5da2702aac939fc29552152285d90524ed627ac0111e8455f7e326c5824e9e4",
"rawRecordSha256": "7270cb986cd1e4e84f6f6ef4cd855432d837d9aebc51201e347d4719b5784872",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 223217
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 4,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 1,
"glosses": 0
}
}