Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗To provide or furnish with teeth. · To indent; to jag. · To lock into each other, like gear wheels.
A hard, calcareous structure present in the mouth of many vertebrate animals, generally used for biting and chewing food. · A sharp projection on the blade of a saw or similar implement. · A projection on the edge of a gear that meshes with similar projections on adjacent gears, or on the circumference of a cog that engages with a chain. · The property of resisting slippage when knotted.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-ónts Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts Proto-Germanic *tanþs Proto-West Germanic *tanþ Old English tōþ Middle English toth English tooth From Middle English toth, tothe, tooth, from Old English tōþ, from Proto-West Germanic *tanþ, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth”). Doublet of dent, dens, tind, and tine. Related to tusk. Cognates Cognate with Scots tuith (“tooth”), North Frisian Ter, teän, tosch, toske, tuis, tus, tusch, täis (“tooth”), Saterland Frisian Tusk (“tooth”), West Frisian tosk (“tooth”), Bavarian Zåhn (“tooth”), Dutch tand (“tooth”), German Zahn (“tooth”), Limburgish tandj (“tooth”), Luxembourgish Zant (“tooth”), Vilamovian cōn (“tooth”), Yiddish צאָן (tson, “tooth”), Danish and Swedish tand (“tooth”), Faroese tonn (“tooth”), Icelandic tönn (“tooth”), Norn *tann, *tant (“tooth”), Norwegian Bokmål tann (“tooth”), Norwegian Nynorsk tann, tonn (“tooth”), Breton and Welsh dant (“tooth”), Cornish dans (“tooth”), Irish déad (“tooth”), Scottish Gaelic deud (“tooth”), Asturian, Leonese, Mirandese, and Spanish diente (“tooth”), Aragonese dien (“tooth”), Catalan and French dent (“tooth”), Galician, Italian, and Portuguese dente (“tooth”), Romanian dinte (“tooth”), Latin dēns (“tooth”), Ancient Greek ὀδούς (odoús), ὀδών (odṓn, “tooth”), Lithuanian dantis (“tooth”), Belarusian дзясна́ (dzjasná, “gum”), Bulgarian and Russian десна (desna, “gum”), Czech dáseň (“gum”), Polish dziąsło (“gum”), Serbo-Croatian dȇsni (“gum”), Slovak ďasno (“gum”), Slovene dlesni (“gum”), Ukrainian я́сна (jásna, “gum”), Armenian ատամ (atam, “tooth”), Ossetian дӕндаг (dændag, “tooth”), Baluchi دنتان (dantán), دتھاں (datʰāⁿ, “tooth”), Central Kurdish ددان (ddan, “tooth”), Northern Kurdish didan, diran (“tooth”), Persian دندان (dandân, “tooth”), Sanskrit दत् (dat), दन्त (danta, “tooth”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentiontoth,tothe,toothenm
- Inherited-form mentiontōþang
- Inherited-form mention*tanþgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*tanþsgem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*h₃dóntsine-pro
- Doublet mentiondenten
- Doublet mentiondensen
- Doublet mentiontinden
- Doublet mentiontineen
- Cognate mentiontuithsco
- Cognate mentionTerfrr
- Cognate mentionTuskstq
- Cognate mentiontoskfy
- Cognate mentionZåhnbar
- Cognate mentiontandnl
- Cognate mentionZahnde
- Cognate mentiontandjli
- Cognate mentionZantlb
- Cognate mentioncōnwym
- Cognate mentionצאָןyi
- Cognate mentiontonnfo
- Cognate mentiontönnis
- Cognate mention*tannnrn
- Cognate mentiontannnb
- Cognate mentiontannnn
- Cognate mentiondanskw
- Cognate mentiondéadga
- Cognate mentiondeudgd
- Cognate mentiondienan
- Cognate mentiondintero
- Cognate mentiondēnsla
- Cognate mentionὀδούςgrc
- Cognate mentiondantislt
- Cognate mentionдзясна́be
- Cognate mentiondáseňcs
- Cognate mentiondziąsłopl
- Cognate mentiondȇsnish
- Cognate mentionďasnosk
- Cognate mentiondlesnisl
- Cognate mentionя́снаuk
- Cognate mentionատամhy
- Cognate mentionдӕндагos
- Cognate mentionدنتانbal
- Cognate mentionددانckb
- Cognate mentiondidankmr
- Cognate mentionدندانfa · tooth
- Cognate mentionदत्sa
This page abbreviates 5 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:toth",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-ónts\nProto-Indo-European *h₃dónts\nProto-Germanic *tanþs\nProto-West Germanic *tanþ\nOld English tōþ\nMiddle English toth\nEnglish tooth\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*tanþs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*tanþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"tōþ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"toth\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"tooth\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"tooth\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toth,tothe,tooth"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toth, tothe, tooth"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tōþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English tōþ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tanþ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tanþ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tanþs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tanþs"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃dónts",
"4": "",
"5": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dent",
"3": "dens",
"4": "tind",
"5": "tine"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dent, dens, tind, and tine"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tuith",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Scots tuith (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Ter"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian Ter"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Tusk",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Tusk (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tosk",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian tosk (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Zåhn",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian Zåhn (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tand",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tand (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zahn",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "German Zahn (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "tandj",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish tandj (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Zant",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Zant (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "cōn",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian cōn (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "צאָן",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish צאָן (tson, “tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,sv",
"2": "tand",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Swedish tand (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "tonn",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Faroese tonn (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tönn",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic tönn (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "*tann"
},
"expansion": "Norn *tann"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "tann",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål tann (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk tann"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "br,cy",
"2": "dant",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Breton and Welsh dant (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "dans",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish dans (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "déad",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Irish déad (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "deud",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic deud (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ast,roa-leo,mwl,es",
"2": "diente",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Asturian, Leonese, Mirandese, and Spanish diente (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "dien",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese dien (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ca,fr",
"2": "dent",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Catalan and French dent (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gl,it,pt",
"2": "dente",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Galician, Italian, and Portuguese dente (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "dinte",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Romanian dinte (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dēns",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Latin dēns (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀδούς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀδούς (odoús)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dantis",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian dantis (“tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "дзясна́",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian дзясна́ (dzjasná, “gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg,ru",
"2": "десна",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian and Russian десна (desna, “gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "dáseň",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Czech dáseň (“gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dziąsło",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Polish dziąsło (“gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "dȇsni",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian dȇsni (“gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ďasno",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Slovak ďasno (“gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "dlesni",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Slovene dlesni (“gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "я́сна",
"3": "",
"4": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian я́сна (jásna, “gum”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ատամ",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ատամ (atam, “tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "дӕндаг",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian дӕндаг (dændag, “tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "دنتان",
"tr": "dantán"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi دنتان (dantán)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "ددان",
"3": "",
"4": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish ددان (ddan, “tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "didan"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish didan"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "دندان",
"tr": "dandân",
"t": "tooth"
},
"expansion": "Persian دندان (dandân, “tooth”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दत्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दत् (dat)"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:toth",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-ónts\nProto-Indo-European *h₃dónts\nProto-Germanic *tanþs\nProto-West Germanic *tanþ\nOld English tōþ\nMiddle English toth\nEnglish tooth"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₃ed-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ed-#Proto-Indo-European:_bite"
],
[
"*-ónts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ónts#Proto-Indo-European:_body_parts"
],
[
"*h₃dónts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃dónts"
],
[
"*tanþs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tanþs"
],
[
"*tanþ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tanþ"
],
[
"tōþ",
"toþ#Old_English"
],
[
"toth",
"toth#Middle_English"
],
[
"toth",
"toth#Middle_English"
],
[
"tothe",
"tothe#Middle_English"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth#Middle_English"
],
[
"tōþ",
"toþ#Old_English"
],
[
"*tanþ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tanþ"
],
[
"*tanþs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tanþs"
],
[
"*h₃dónts",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃dónts"
],
[
"dent",
"dent#English"
],
[
"dens",
"dens#English"
],
[
"tind",
"tind#English"
],
[
"tine",
"tine#English"
],
[
"tusk",
"tusk#English"
],
[
"tuith",
"tuith#Scots"
],
[
"Ter",
"Ter#North_Frisian"
],
[
"teän",
"teän#North_Frisian"
],
[
"tosch",
"tosch#North_Frisian"
],
[
"toske",
"toske#North_Frisian"
],
[
"tuis",
"tuis#North_Frisian"
],
[
"tus",
"tus#North_Frisian"
],
[
"tusch",
"tusch#North_Frisian"
],
[
"täis",
"täis#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Tusk",
"Tusk#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"tosk",
"tosk#West_Frisian"
],
[
"Zåhn",
"Zåhn#Bavarian"
],
[
"tand",
"tand#Dutch"
],
[
"Zahn",
"Zahn#German"
],
[
"tandj",
"tandj#Limburgish"
],
[
"Zant",
"Zant#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"cōn",
"cōn#Vilamovian"
],
[
"צאָן",
"צאָן#Yiddish"
],
[
"Danish",
"tand#Danish"
],
[
"tand",
"tand#Swedish"
],
[
"tonn",
"tonn#Faroese"
],
[
"tönn",
"tönn#Icelandic"
],
[
"*tann",
"Reconstruction:Norn/tann"
],
[
"*tant",
"Reconstruction:Norn/tant"
],
[
"tann",
"tann#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"tann",
"tann#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"tonn",
"tonn#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"Breton",
"dant#Breton"
],
[
"dant",
"dant#Welsh"
],
[
"dans",
"dans#Cornish"
],
[
"déad",
"déad#Irish"
],
[
"deud",
"deud#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Asturian",
"diente#Asturian"
],
[
"Leonese",
"diente#Leonese"
],
[
"Mirandese",
"diente#Mirandese"
],
[
"diente",
"diente#Spanish"
],
[
"dien",
"dien#Aragonese"
],
[
"Catalan",
"dent#Catalan"
],
[
"dent",
"dent#French"
],
[
"Galician",
"dente#Galician"
],
[
"Italian",
"dente#Italian"
],
[
"dente",
"dente#Portuguese"
],
[
"dinte",
"dinte#Romanian"
],
[
"dēns",
"dens#Latin"
],
[
"ὀδούς",
"ὀδούς#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ὀδών",
"ὀδών#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"dantis",
"dantis#Lithuanian"
],
[
"дзясна́",
"дзясна#Belarusian"
],
[
"Bulgarian",
"десна#Bulgarian"
],
[
"десна",
"десна#Russian"
],
[
"dáseň",
"dáseň#Czech"
],
[
"dziąsło",
"dziąsło#Polish"
],
[
"dȇsni",
"desni#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"ďasno",
"ďasno#Slovak"
],
[
"dlesni",
"dlesni#Slovene"
],
[
"я́сна",
"ясна#Ukrainian"
],
[
"ատամ",
"ատամ#Armenian"
],
[
"дӕндаг",
"дӕндаг#Ossetian"
],
[
"دنتان",
"دنتان#Baluchi"
],
[
"دتھاں",
"دتھاں#Baluchi"
],
[
"ددان",
"ددان#Central_Kurdish"
],
[
"didan",
"didan#Northern_Kurdish"
],
[
"diran",
"diran#Northern_Kurdish"
],
[
"دندان",
"دندان#Persian"
],
[
"दत्",
"दत्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"दन्त",
"दन्त#Sanskrit"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To provide or furnish with teeth.",
"To indent; to jag.",
"To lock into each other, like gear wheels."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "8395079edfea98aae9a0886c84e4bf8f8b7174ed2fc70e9f9e28ed6268f62ae3",
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"A hard, calcareous structure present in the mouth of many vertebrate animals, generally used for biting and chewing food.",
"A sharp projection on the blade of a saw or similar implement.",
"A projection on the edge of a gear that meshes with similar projections on adjacent gears, or on the circumference of a cog that engages with a chain.",
"The property of resisting slippage when knotted."
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