Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗Something serving as an expression of something else. · A keepsake. · A piece of stamped metal or plastic, etc., used as a form of currency; a voucher that can be exchanged for goods or services. · A small physical object, often designed to give the appearance of a common thing, used to represent a person or character in a board game or other situation.
From Middle English token, taken, from Old English tācn (“sign, symbol”), from Proto-West Germanic *taikn, from Proto-Germanic *taikną (“indicator, symbol, sign”), from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, teach”) with Germanic *k rather than *h by Kluge's law. Cognate with Scots takin, taiken (“token, sign”), Saterland Frisian Teken (“sign, symbol”), West Frisian teken (“sign, mark, symbol”), Dutch teken (“sign, indication, symbol”), German Low German Teken (“sign, symbol”), German Zeichen (“sign, token”), Danish tegn (“sign, token, character”), Swedish tecken (“sign, indication”), Faroese tekn, tekin (“mark, sign, signal”), Icelandic teikn (“sign, omen”), Icelandic tákn (“symbol”). The verb is from Middle English toknen, from Old English tācnian.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*deyḱ-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentiontokenenm
- Inherited-form mentiontācnang · sign, symbol
- Inherited-form mention*taikngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*taiknągem-pro · indicator, symbol, sign
- Derivation mention*deyḱ-ine-pro · to show, instruct, teach
- Cognate mentiontakinsco
- Cognate mentionTekenstq · sign, symbol
- Cognate mentiontekenfy · sign, mark, symbol
- Cognate mentiontekennl · sign, indication, symbol
- Cognate mentionZeichende · sign, token
- Cognate mentiontegnda · sign, token, character
- Cognate mentionteckensv · sign, indication
- Cognate mentionteknfo
- Cognate mentionteiknis · sign, omen
- Cognate mentiontáknis · symbol
- Inherited-form mentiontoknenenm
- Inherited-form mentiontācnianang
This page abbreviates 26 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*deyḱ-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "token"
},
"expansion": "Middle English token"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tācn",
"t": "sign, symbol"
},
"expansion": "Old English tācn (“sign, symbol”)"
},
{
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{
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"t": "to show, instruct, teach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, teach”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "takin"
},
"expansion": "Scots takin"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Teken",
"t": "sign, symbol"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Teken (“sign, symbol”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "teken",
"t": "sign, mark, symbol"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian teken (“sign, mark, symbol”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "teken",
"t": "sign, indication, symbol"
},
"expansion": "Dutch teken (“sign, indication, symbol”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Teken",
"t": "sign, symbol"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Teken (“sign, symbol”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zeichen",
"t": "sign, token"
},
"expansion": "German Zeichen (“sign, token”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "tegn",
"t": "sign, token, character"
},
"expansion": "Danish tegn (“sign, token, character”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "tecken",
"t": "sign, indication"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tecken (“sign, indication”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "tekn"
},
"expansion": "Faroese tekn"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "teikn",
"t": "sign, omen"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic teikn (“sign, omen”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tákn",
"t": "symbol"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic tákn (“symbol”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toknen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toknen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tācnian"
},
"expansion": "Old English tācnian"
}
],
"links": [
[
"token",
"token#Middle_English"
],
[
"taken",
"taken#Middle_English"
],
[
"tācn",
"tacn#Old_English"
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[
"*taikn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/taikn"
],
[
"*taikną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/taikną"
],
[
"*deyḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/deyḱ-"
],
[
"takin",
"takin#Scots"
],
[
"taiken",
"taiken#Scots"
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[
"Teken",
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],
[
"teken",
"teken#West_Frisian"
],
[
"teken",
"teken#Dutch"
],
[
"Teken",
"Teken#Low_German"
],
[
"Zeichen",
"Zeichen#German"
],
[
"tegn",
"tegn#Danish"
],
[
"tecken",
"tecken#Swedish"
],
[
"tekn",
"tekn#Faroese"
],
[
"tekin",
"tekin#Faroese"
],
[
"teikn",
"teikn#Icelandic"
],
[
"tákn",
"tákn#Icelandic"
],
[
"toknen",
"toknen#Middle_English"
],
[
"tācnian",
"tacnian#Old_English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "token",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Token",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
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},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"word": "token",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "token",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "token",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "token",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"Something serving as an expression of something else.",
"A keepsake.",
"A piece of stamped metal or plastic, etc., used as a form of currency; a voucher that can be exchanged for goods or services.",
"A small physical object, often designed to give the appearance of a common thing, used to represent a person or character in a board game or other situation."
],
"tags": [],
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