*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of winch

From Middle English wynche, from Old English winċe, from Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”), whence also wink.

4 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 4 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗
verb

To use a winch

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English wynche, from Old English winċe, from Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”), whence also wink.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "wynche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English wynche"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "winċe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English winċe"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*winkijǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weng-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bow, bend, arch, curve"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "wynche",
      "wynche#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "winċe",
      "wince#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*winkijǭ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/winkijǭ"
    ],
    [
      "*weng-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weng-"
    ],
    [
      "wink",
      "wink#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To use a winch"
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "3749fc402a9d43a232b65647f9a3dc52a23637c05ab361b91e11fc9cbfa87137",
      "rawRecordSha256": "712a6e30b1832213a02c9e8f7731417b3194797b1f5ddaa945eb14e87e76384a",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 254666
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 1 · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗
noun

A machine consisting of a drum on an axle, a friction brake or ratchet and pawl, and a crank handle or prime mover (often an electric or hydraulic motor), with or without gearing, to give increased mechanical advantage when hoisting or hauling on a rope or cable. · A hoisting device used for loading or unloading cargo, or for pulling in lines. · A wince (machine used in dyeing or steeping cloth). · A kick, as of an animal, from impatience or uneasiness.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English wynche, from Old English winċe, from Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ, ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”), whence also wink.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "wynche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English wynche"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "winċe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English winċe"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*winkijǭ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *winkijǭ"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weng-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bow, bend, arch, curve"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "wynche",
      "wynche#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "winċe",
      "wince#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*winkijǭ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/winkijǭ"
    ],
    [
      "*weng-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weng-"
    ],
    [
      "wink",
      "wink#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Tok Pisin",
      "lang_code": "tpi",
      "word": "winis"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "word": "وِنْش",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "winš"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "lang_code": "ast",
      "word": "güinche",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "word": "ウインチ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "uinchi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "word": "원치",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "wonchi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "word": "vinsj",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "word": "vinsj",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "word": "vȉnč",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "lang_code": "sw",
      "word": "winchi",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "word": "vinsch",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "lang_code": "ota",
      "word": "وینچ",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "vinç",
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "lang_code": "tr",
          "word": "vinç"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A machine consisting of a drum on an axle, a friction brake or ratchet and pawl, and a crank handle or prime mover (often an electric or hydraulic motor), with or without gearing, to give increased mechanical advantage when hoisting or hauling on a rope or cable.",
        "A hoisting device used for loading or unloading cargo, or for pulling in lines.",
        "A wince (machine used in dyeing or steeping cloth).",
        "A kick, as of an animal, from impatience or uneasiness."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "f589e4b61e691e8cf7738f1cc8adbcc60bca3ccbe9ed8d68aeee2946b117ddd1",
      "rawRecordSha256": "6790cc39cb0347d9ac1cf84564a33f924171ba963ae1fbd223bfcfbea385cbbf",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 254665
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

To wince; to shrink · To kick with impatience or uneasiness.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

See wince.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [],
  "links": [
    [
      "wince",
      "wince#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To wince; to shrink",
        "To kick with impatience or uneasiness."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "20a96eafe032161035c500b90f21e07ea8c26295074222332165aaa1e3c95473",
      "rawRecordSha256": "60c36e727ee98b9402331fcaa8a9f8be25eab96bf5efb3f81f884159f060f539",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 254667
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

to court · to kiss, snog

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Variant form of wench.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [],
  "links": [
    [
      "wench",
      "wench#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "to court",
        "to kiss, snog"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "ambitransitive",
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "recordId": "1b2dba4a0e11a5ae30c63e144d559e9fc878a34c670bb19119353137d9e7d434",
      "rawRecordSha256": "0b6a2ef1945c450e1c5fade51e981e1aa077b9db43695b047b3fe3b12dba2633",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 254668
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for winch →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-d2luY2g