Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To conquer, defeat. · To reach some destination or object, despite difficulty or toil (now usually intransitive, with preposition or locative adverb). · To triumph or achieve victory in (a game, a war, etc.). · To gain (a prize) by succeeding in competition or contest.
From Middle English winnen, from Old English winnan (“to labour, swink, toil,”) (compare Old English ġewinnan (“conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to swink, labour, win, gain, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian wan, wane, wen, wine, wune (“to win”), Saterland Frisian and West Frisian winne (“to win”), Cimbrian gabènnan (“to win”), Dutch and Low German winnen (“to win”), German gewinnen (“to win”), Luxembourgish gewannen (“to win”), Danish vinde (“to win”), Faroese and Icelandic vinna (“to win”), Norwegian Bokmål vinne (“to win”), Norwegian Nynorsk vinna, vinne (“to win”), Swedish vinna (“to win”), Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (winnan, “to suffer”); also Latin venus (“beauty, charm, elegance, grace; beloved, love”), Albanian vuaj, vuj (“to suffer; to endure”), Sanskrit वनोति (vanoti, “to desire, like, love, wish; to gain, procure; to win; to prepare; to hurt, injure”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*wenh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionwinnenenm
- Inherited-form mentionwinnanang · to labour, swink, toil,
- Cognate mentionġewinnanang · conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill
- Inherited-form mention*winnangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*winnanągem-pro · to swink, labour, win, gain, fight
- Derivation mention*wenh₁-ine-pro · to strive, wish, desire, love
- Cognate mentionwanfrr
- Cognate mentiongabènnancim · to win
- Cognate mentiongewinnende · to win
- Cognate mentiongewannenlb · to win
- Cognate mentionvindeda · to win
- Cognate mentionvinnenb · to win
- Cognate mentionvinnann
- Cognate mentionvinnasv · to win
- Cognate mention𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽got · to suffer
- Cognate mentionvenusla · beauty, charm, elegance, grace; beloved, love
- Cognate mentionvuajsq
- Cognate mentionवनोतिsa · to desire, like, love, wish; to gain, procure; to win; to prepare; to hurt, injure
This page abbreviates 8 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"t": "to labour, swink, toil,"
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"t": "conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill"
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"2": "winne",
"t": "to win"
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"t": "to win"
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"2": "winnen",
"t": "to win"
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"expansion": "Dutch and Low German winnen (“to win”)"
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{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gewinnen",
"t": "to win"
},
"expansion": "German gewinnen (“to win”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "gewannen",
"t": "to win"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish gewannen (“to win”)"
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"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinde",
"t": "to win"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinde (“to win”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"1": "fo,is",
"2": "vinna",
"t": "to win"
},
"expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic vinna (“to win”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "vinne",
"t": "to win"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål vinne (“to win”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "vinna"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk vinna"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vinna",
"t": "to win"
},
"expansion": "Swedish vinna (“to win”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to suffer"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (winnan, “to suffer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "venus",
"t": "beauty, charm, elegance, grace; beloved, love"
},
"expansion": "Latin venus (“beauty, charm, elegance, grace; beloved, love”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vuaj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian vuaj"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वनोति",
"t": "to desire, like, love, wish; to gain, procure; to win; to prepare; to hurt, injure"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वनोति (vanoti, “to desire, like, love, wish; to gain, procure; to win; to prepare; to hurt, injure”)"
}
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"links": [
[
"winnen",
"winnen#Middle_English"
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[
"winnan",
"winnan#Old_English"
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[
"ġewinnan",
"gewinnan#Old_English"
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[
"*winnan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/winnan"
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[
"*winnaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/winnaną"
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[
"*wenh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wenh₁-"
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"wan",
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"wane",
"wane#North_Frisian"
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"wen",
"wen#North_Frisian"
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[
"wine",
"wine#North_Frisian"
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[
"wune",
"wune#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Saterland Frisian",
"winne#Saterland_Frisian"
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[
"winne",
"winne#West_Frisian"
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"gabènnan",
"gabènnan#Cimbrian"
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[
"Dutch",
"winnen#Dutch"
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[
"winnen",
"winnen#Low_German"
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[
"gewinnen",
"gewinnen#German"
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[
"gewannen",
"gewannen#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"vinde",
"vinde#Danish"
],
[
"Faroese",
"vinna#Faroese"
],
[
"vinna",
"vinna#Icelandic"
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[
"vinne",
"vinne#Norwegian_Bokmål"
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[
"vinna",
"vinna#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"vinne",
"vinne#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
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[
"vinna",
"vinna#Swedish"
],
[
"𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽#Gothic"
],
[
"venus",
"venus#Latin"
],
[
"vuaj",
"vuaj#Albanian"
],
[
"vuj",
"vuj#Albanian"
],
[
"वनोति",
"वनोति#Sanskrit"
]
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"lang_code": "mkj",
"word": "wihn",
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To conquer, defeat.",
"To reach some destination or object, despite difficulty or toil (now usually intransitive, with preposition or locative adverb).",
"To triumph or achieve victory in (a game, a war, etc.).",
"To gain (a prize) by succeeding in competition or contest."
],
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"transitive",
"intransitive"
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