Etymology of wild

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗

adj

Especially, being of the wild type: being of an unbroken ancestral line of undomesticated animals, as opposed to being feral, being an undomesticated animal whose ancestors were domesticated. · Being in the wild, by any pathway (whether by being of the wild type, by being feral since birth, or by being feral after escape from domesticated life). · From or relating to wild creatures. · Unrestrained or uninhibited.

adv

Inaccurately; not on target. · Intended to be synchronized with film or video but recorded separately.

verb

To commit random acts of assault, robbery, and rape in an urban setting, especially as a gang. · (In the form wilding or wildin') To act in a strange or unexpected way.

noun

The undomesticated state of a wild animal. · A wilderness. · Something that is able to stand in for others, such as a particular playing card in a game.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English weilde, wield, wielde, wijlde, wild, wilde, wyld, wylde, wyled, wyyld, from Old English wilde, from Proto-West Germanic *wilþī, from Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“hair; wool”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian wil (“wild”), Saterland Frisian wíeld, wüüld (“wild”), West Frisian wyld (“wild”), Bavarian wüd (“wild”), Central Franconian weld (“wild”), Cimbrian bill (“crazy, mad; wild; stupid”), Dutch, German, and Low German wild (“wild”), Luxembourgish wëll (“wild; savage”), Vilamovian wyłd (“wild”), Yiddish ווילד (vild, “wild; savage”), Danish and Swedish vild (“wild”), Faroese villur (“wild”), Icelandic villtur (“wild; lost; barbaric, savage; uncultivated; untamed”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk vill (“wild”), vill (“lost”), Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (wilþeis, “wild”); also Cornish gwlan (“wool”), Irish and Scottish Gaelic olann (“wool”), Manx ollan (“wool”), Welsh gwlân (“wool”), Latin vellus (“fleece, wool”), villus (“hair, shaggy hair”), Ancient Greek λάχνη (lákhnē, “woolly hair; thin hair; soft nap or pile on cloth; quills hedgehog; leafage”), Lithuanian valai (“hair of the horse tail”), Belarusian во́лас (vólas, “single hair”), Czech and Slovak vlas (“single hair”), Macedonian влас (vlas, “fluff; thread (of hair)”), Polish włos (“single hair”), Russian and Ukrainian во́лос (vólos, “single hair”), Serbo-Croatian вла̑с, vlȃs (“single hair”), Slovene las (“hair on top of head; nap, pile”), Armenian գեղմ (geġm, “fleece, wool”), Central Kurdish پرچ (pirç, “fax, headhair”), Northern Kurdish hirî (“wool”), Persian گرس (gors, “curl, ringlet; braid”), Hittite 𒋠𒀸 (SÍG-aš, “wool”), Tocharian A urṇ (“the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity”), Tocharian B *ūrṇ (“the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity”), Sanskrit वल्श (valśa, “branch, shoot, twig”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inherited-form mentionweildeenm
Inherited-form mentionwildeang
Inherited-form mention*wilþīgmw-pro
Inherited-form mention*wilþijazgem-pro · wild
Derivation mention*h₂welh₁-ine-pro · hair; wool
Cognate mentionwilfrr · wild
Cognate mentionwíeldstq
Cognate mentionwyldfy · wild
Cognate mentionwüdbar · wild
Cognate mentionweldgmw-cfr · wild
Cognate mentionbillcim · crazy, mad; wild; stupid
Cognate mentionwëlllb · wild; savage
Cognate mentionwyłdwym · wild
Cognate mentionווילדyi · wild; savage
Cognate mentionvillurfo · wild
Cognate mentionvillturis · wild; lost; barbaric, savage; uncultivated; untamed
Cognate mention𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃got · wild
Cognate mentiongwlankw · wool
Cognate mentionollangv · wool
Cognate mentiongwlâncy · wool
Cognate mentionvellusla · fleece, wool
Cognate mentionλάχνηgrc · woolly hair; thin hair; soft nap or pile on cloth; quills hedgehog; leafage
Cognate mentionvalailt · hair of the horse tail
Cognate mentionво́ласbe · single hair
Cognate mentionвласmk · fluff; thread (of hair)
Cognate mentionwłospl · single hair
Cognate mentionвла̑сsh
Cognate mentionlassl · hair on top of head; nap, pile
Cognate mentionգեղմhy · fleece, wool
Cognate mentionپرچckb · fax, headhair
Cognate mentionhirîkmr · wool
Cognate mentionگرسfa · curl, ringlet; braid
Cognate mention𒋠𒀸hit · wool
Cognate mentionurṇxto · the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity
Cognate mention*ūrṇtxb · the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity
Cognate mentionवल्शsa · branch, shoot, twig

This page abbreviates 14 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "weilde"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English weilde"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "wilde"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wilde"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*wilþī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wilþī"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*wilþijaz",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂welh₁-",
        "t": "hair; wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“hair; wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "col-top",
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "cog"
      },
      "expansion": "Cognates"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "frr",
        "2": "wil",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "North Frisian wil (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "wíeld"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian wíeld"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "wyld",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian wyld (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "wüd",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian wüd (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-cfr",
        "2": "weld",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Franconian weld (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "bill",
        "t": "crazy, mad; wild; stupid"
      },
      "expansion": "Cimbrian bill (“crazy, mad; wild; stupid”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl,de,nds",
        "2": "wild",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch, German, and Low German wild (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "wëll",
        "t": "wild; savage"
      },
      "expansion": "Luxembourgish wëll (“wild; savage”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "wym",
        "2": "wyłd",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Vilamovian wyłd (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "ווילד",
        "t": "wild; savage"
      },
      "expansion": "Yiddish ווילד (vild, “wild; savage”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da,sv",
        "2": "vild",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish and Swedish vild (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "villur",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese villur (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "villtur",
        "t": "wild; lost; barbaric, savage; uncultivated; untamed"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic villtur (“wild; lost; barbaric, savage; uncultivated; untamed”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb,nn",
        "2": "vill",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk vill (“wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃",
        "t": "wild"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (wilþeis, “wild”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "gwlan",
        "t": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish gwlan (“wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ga,gd",
        "2": "olann",
        "t": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish and Scottish Gaelic olann (“wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gv",
        "2": "ollan",
        "t": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Manx ollan (“wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gwlân",
        "t": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gwlân (“wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "vellus",
        "t": "fleece, wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vellus (“fleece, wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "λάχνη",
        "t": "woolly hair; thin hair; soft nap or pile on cloth; quills hedgehog; leafage"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek λάχνη (lákhnē, “woolly hair; thin hair; soft nap or pile on cloth; quills hedgehog; leafage”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "valai",
        "t": "hair of the horse tail"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian valai (“hair of the horse tail”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "be",
        "2": "во́лас",
        "t": "single hair"
      },
      "expansion": "Belarusian во́лас (vólas, “single hair”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "cs,sk",
        "2": "vlas",
        "t": "single hair"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech and Slovak vlas (“single hair”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "mk",
        "2": "влас",
        "t": "fluff; thread (of hair)"
      },
      "expansion": "Macedonian влас (vlas, “fluff; thread (of hair)”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "włos",
        "t": "single hair"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish włos (“single hair”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ru,uk",
        "2": "во́лос",
        "t": "single hair"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian and Ukrainian во́лос (vólos, “single hair”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "вла̑с"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian вла̑с"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "las",
        "t": "hair on top of head; nap, pile"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene las (“hair on top of head; nap, pile”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "գեղմ",
        "t": "fleece, wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian գեղմ (geġm, “fleece, wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ckb",
        "2": "پرچ",
        "t": "fax, headhair"
      },
      "expansion": "Central Kurdish پرچ (pirç, “fax, headhair”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "hirî",
        "t": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish hirî (“wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "گرس",
        "tr": "gors",
        "t": "curl, ringlet; braid"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian گرس (gors, “curl, ringlet; braid”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "2": "𒋠𒀸",
        "tr": "SÍG-aš",
        "t": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite 𒋠𒀸 (SÍG-aš, “wool”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "urṇ",
        "t": "the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A urṇ (“the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "*ūrṇ",
        "t": "the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B *ūrṇ (“the circles of white hair between the brows of the Buddha or other deity”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वल्श",
        "t": "branch, shoot, twig"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वल्श (valśa, “branch, shoot, twig”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "weilde",
      "weilde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wield",
      "wield#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wielde",
      "wielde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wijlde",
      "wijlde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wild",
      "wild#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wilde",
      "wilde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wyld",
      "wyld#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wylde",
      "wylde#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wyled",
      "wyled#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wyyld",
      "wyyld#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "wilde",
      "wilde#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*wilþī",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wilþī"
    ],
    [
      "*wilþijaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wilþijaz"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂welh₁-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂welh₁-"
    ],
    [
      "wil",
      "wil#North_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "wíeld",
      "wíeld#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "wüüld",
      "wüüld#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "wyld",
      "wyld#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "wüd",
      "wüd#Bavarian"
    ],
    [
      "weld",
      "weld#Central_Franconian"
    ],
    [
      "bill",
      "bill#Cimbrian"
    ],
    [
      "Dutch",
      "wild#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "German",
      "wild#German"
    ],
    [
      "wild",
      "wild#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "wëll",
      "wëll#Luxembourgish"
    ],
    [
      "wyłd",
      "wyłd#Vilamovian"
    ],
    [
      "ווילד",
      "ווילד#Yiddish"
    ],
    [
      "Danish",
      "vild#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "vild",
      "vild#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "villur",
      "villur#Faroese"
    ],
    [
      "villtur",
      "villtur#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "vill#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "vill",
      "vill#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "vill",
      "vill#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃",
      "𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃#Gothic"
    ],
    [
      "gwlan",
      "gwlan#Cornish"
    ],
    [
      "Irish",
      "olann#Irish"
    ],
    [
      "olann",
      "olann#Scottish_Gaelic"
    ],
    [
      "ollan",
      "ollan#Manx"
    ],
    [
      "gwlân",
      "gwlân#Welsh"
    ],
    [
      "vellus",
      "vellus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "villus",
      "villus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "λάχνη",
      "λάχνη#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "valai",
      "valai#Lithuanian"
    ],
    [
      "во́лас",
      "волас#Belarusian"
    ],
    [
      "Czech",
      "vlas#Czech"
    ],
    [
      "vlas",
      "vlas#Slovak"
    ],
    [
      "влас",
      "влас#Macedonian"
    ],
    [
      "włos",
      "włos#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "Russian",
      "волос#Russian"
    ],
    [
      "во́лос",
      "волос#Ukrainian"
    ],
    [
      "вла̑с",
      "влас#Serbo-Croatian"
    ],
    [
      "vlȃs",
      "vlas#Serbo-Croatian"
    ],
    [
      "las",
      "las#Slovene"
    ],
    [
      "գեղմ",
      "գեղմ#Armenian"
    ],
    [
      "پرچ",
      "پرچ#Central_Kurdish"
    ],
    [
      "hirî",
      "hirî#Northern_Kurdish"
    ],
    [
      "گرس",
      "گرس#Persian"
    ],
    [
      "𒋠𒀸",
      "𒋠𒀸#Hittite"
    ],
    [
      "urṇ",
      "urṇ#Tocharian_A"
    ],
    [
      "*ūrṇ",
      "Reconstruction:Tocharian B/ūrṇ"
    ],
    [
      "वल्श",
      "वल्श#Sanskrit"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Especially, being of the wild type: being of an unbroken ancestral line of undomesticated animals, as opposed to being feral, being an undomesticated animal whose ancestors were domesticated.",
        "Being in the wild, by any pathway (whether by being of the wild type, by being feral since birth, or by being feral after escape from domesticated life).",
        "From or relating to wild creatures.",
        "Unrestrained or uninhibited."
      ],
      "tags": [],
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    {
      "pos": "adv",
      "glosses": [
        "Inaccurately; not on target.",
        "Intended to be synchronized with film or video but recorded separately."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 222901
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To commit random acts of assault, robbery, and rape in an urban setting, especially as a gang.",
        "(In the form wilding or wildin') To act in a strange or unexpected way."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "slang"
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 222903
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The undomesticated state of a wild animal.",
        "A wilderness.",
        "Something that is able to stand in for others, such as a particular playing card in a game."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "with-definite-article",
        "in-plural"
      ],
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 222902
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 14,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

The source etymologies

Source etymology 1

Relationships mentioned by the source

Where this record stops

Source and snapshot