Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To rotate, revolve, spin or turn rapidly. · To have a sensation of spinning or reeling. · To make something or someone whirl. · To remove or carry quickly with, or as with, a revolving motion; to snatch.
From Middle English whirlen, contracted from earlier *whirvelen, *whervelen, possibly from Old English *hwyrflian, *hweorflian (attested in hwirflung, hwerflung (“change, vicissitude”)), frequentative form of Old English hweorfan (“to turn”), itself from Proto-West Germanic *hwerban, from Proto-Germanic *hwerbaną (“to turn”); or perhaps from Old Norse hvirfla (“to go round, spin”). Cognate with Dutch wervelen (“to whirl, swirl”), German wirbeln (“to whirl, swirl”), Danish hvirvle (“to whirl”), Swedish virvla (older spelling hvirfla), Albanian vorbull (“a whirl”). Related to whirr and wharve.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionwhirlenenm
- Inherited-form mention*hwyrflianang
- Derivation mentionhweorfanang · to turn
- Inherited-form mention*hwerbangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hwerbanągem-pro · to turn
- Derivation mentionhvirflanon · to go round, spin
- Cognate mentionwervelennl
- Cognate mentionwirbelnde
- Cognate mentionhvirvleda
- Cognate mentionvirvlasv
- Cognate mentionvorbullsq
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "whirlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English whirlen"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hwyrflian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hwyrflian"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hweorfan",
"t": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Old English hweorfan (“to turn”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwerban"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwerbaną",
"t": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwerbaną (“to turn”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hvirfla",
"t": "to go round, spin"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvirfla (“to go round, spin”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wervelen",
"3": "",
"4": "to whirl, swirl"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wervelen (“to whirl, swirl”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wirbeln",
"3": "",
"4": "to whirl, swirl"
},
"expansion": "German wirbeln (“to whirl, swirl”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hvirvle",
"3": "",
"4": "to whirl"
},
"expansion": "Danish hvirvle (“to whirl”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "virvla"
},
"expansion": "Swedish virvla"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "vorbull",
"3": "",
"4": "a whirl"
},
"expansion": "Albanian vorbull (“a whirl”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"whirlen",
"whirlen#Middle_English"
],
[
"*whirvelen",
"Reconstruction:Middle English/whirvelen"
],
[
"*whervelen",
"Reconstruction:Middle English/whervelen"
],
[
"*hwyrflian",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hwyrflian"
],
[
"*hweorflian",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hweorflian"
],
[
"hwirflung",
"hwirflung#Old_English"
],
[
"hwerflung",
"hwerflung#Old_English"
],
[
"hweorfan",
"hweorfan#Old_English"
],
[
"*hwerban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwerban"
],
[
"*hwerbaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwerbaną"
],
[
"hvirfla",
"hvirfla#Old_Norse"
],
[
"wervelen",
"wervelen#Dutch"
],
[
"wirbeln",
"wirbeln#German"
],
[
"hvirvle",
"hvirvle#Danish"
],
[
"virvla",
"virvla#Swedish"
],
[
"hvirfla",
"hvirfla#Swedish"
],
[
"vorbull",
"vorbull#Albanian"
],
[
"whirr",
"whirr#English"
],
[
"wharve",
"wharve#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To rotate, revolve, spin or turn rapidly.",
"To have a sensation of spinning or reeling.",
"To make something or someone whirl.",
"To remove or carry quickly with, or as with, a revolving motion; to snatch."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 290071
}
],
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}