*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of when

From Middle English when(ne), whan(ne), from Old English hwonne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“at what time, when”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís (interro

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
intj

That's enough: a command asking someone to stop adding something, especially an ingredient or portion of food or drink; used in, or as if in, literal response to ‘Say when’. · Expressing impatience.

conj

At (or as soon as) that time that; at the (or any and every) time that; if. · During the time that; at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase. · At what time; at which time. · Since; given the fact that; considering that.

noun

The time at which something happens.

adv

At what time? At which time? Upon which occasion or circumstance? Used to introduce direct or indirect questions about time. · Used after a noun or noun phrase in isolation to express impatience with an anticipated future event. · At an earlier time and under different, usually less favorable, circumstances. · At which, on which, during which: often omitted or replaced with that.

pron

What time; which time.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English when(ne), whan(ne), from Old English hwonne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“at what time, when”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís (interrogative base). Cognate with Scots whan (“when”), Dutch wanneer (“when”), wan (“when”) and wen (“when, if”), Low German wannehr (“when”), wann (“when”) and wenn (“if, when”), German wann (“when”) and wenn (“when, if”), Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌽 (ƕan, “when, how”), Latin quandō (“when”). More at who. Interjection sense: a playful misunderstanding of "say when" (i.e. say something / speak up when you want me to stop) as "say [the word] when".

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "3": "*kʷ-"
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwan (“at what time, when”)"
    },
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    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "Scots whan (“when”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
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        "3": "",
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      },
      "expansion": "Dutch wanneer (“when”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
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        "2": "wannehr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "when"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German wannehr (“when”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wann",
        "3": "",
        "4": "when"
      },
      "expansion": "German wann (“when”)"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "3": "",
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "1": "la",
        "2": "quandō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "when"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin quandō (“when”)"
    }
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      "when#Middle_English"
    ],
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      "whan#Middle_English"
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwan"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwan"
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      "wann",
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    ],
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      "wenn#German"
    ],
    [
      "𐍈𐌰𐌽",
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    ],
    [
      "quandō",
      "quando#Latin"
    ],
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      "who",
      "who#English"
    ]
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  "descendants": [],
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}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for when →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-d2hlbg