Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA circular device capable of rotating on its axis, facilitating movement or transportation or performing labour in machines. · A steering wheel and its implied control of a vehicle. · The instrument attached to the rudder by which a vessel is steered. · A spinning wheel.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-redup. Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷléh₂ Proto-Germanic *hweulō Old English hwēol Middle English whel English wheel From Middle English whel, from Old English hwēol, from Proto-West Germanic *hwehwl, from Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą, *hweulō, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm, *kʷékʷlos, *kʷékʷléh₂, reduplication of *kʷel- (“to turn”) and a suffix (literally "(the thing that) turns and turns"). See also West Frisian tsjil, Dutch wiel, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish hjul; also Tocharian B kokale (“cart, wagon”), Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “cycle, wheel”), Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra), Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá); and Latin colō (“to till, cultivate”), Tocharian A and Tocharian B käl- (“to bear; bring”), Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to come into existence, become”), Old Church Slavonic коло (kolo, “wheel”), Albanian sjell (“to bring, carry, turn around”), Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (caraⁱti, “it circulates”), Sanskrit चरति (cárati, “it moves, wanders”). Doublet of chakra, chakram, charkha, chukker, cycle, cyclus, and kike.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionwhelenm
- Inherited-form mentionhwēolang
- Inherited-form mention*hwehwlgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hwehwlągem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*kʷekʷlómine-pro
- Cognate mentiontsjilfy
- Cognate mentionwielnl
- Cognate mentionkokaletxb
- Cognate mentionκύκλοςgrc
- Cognate mention𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀ae
- Cognate mentionचक्रsa
- Cognate mentioncolōla
- Cognate mentionkäl-txb · to bear; bring
- Cognate mentionπέλωgrc
- Cognate mentionколоcu
- Cognate mentionsjellsq
- Cognate mention𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌ae · it circulates
- Cognate mentionचरतिsa
This page abbreviates 20 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:whel",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-redup.\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *kʷekʷléh₂\nProto-Germanic *hweulō\nOld English hwēol\nMiddle English whel\nEnglish wheel\n[Appendix:Glossary#reduplication|Reduplication]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷelh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"reduplication\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷékʷlos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hweulō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"hwēol\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"whel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wheel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wheel\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "whel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English whel"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hwēol"
},
"expansion": "Old English hwēol"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwehwl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwehwl"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷekʷlóm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjil"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian tsjil"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wiel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wiel"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb,nn,sv",
"2": "hjul"
},
"expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish hjul"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "kokale",
"3": "",
"4": "cart, wagon"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B kokale (“cart, wagon”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύκλος",
"3": "",
"4": "cycle, wheel"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “cycle, wheel”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चक्र",
"tr": "cakrá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "colō",
"3": "",
"4": "to till, cultivate"
},
"expansion": "Latin colō (“to till, cultivate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "käl-",
"t": "to bear; bring"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B käl- (“to bear; bring”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλω",
"3": "",
"4": "to come into existence, become"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to come into existence, become”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "коло",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic коло (kolo, “wheel”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sjell",
"3": "",
"4": "to bring, carry, turn around"
},
"expansion": "Albanian sjell (“to bring, carry, turn around”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "it circulates"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (caraⁱti, “it circulates”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चरति",
"3": "",
"4": "it moves, wanders",
"tr": "cárati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चरति (cárati, “it moves, wanders”)"
},
{
"name": "dbt",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chakra",
"3": "chakram",
"4": "charkha",
"5": "chukker",
"6": "cycle",
"7": "cyclus",
"8": "kike"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chakra, chakram, charkha, chukker, cycle, cyclus, and kike"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:whel",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-redup.\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *kʷekʷléh₂\nProto-Germanic *hweulō\nOld English hwēol\nMiddle English whel\nEnglish wheel"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*kʷelh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷelh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_turn"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*kʷekʷléh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷékʷlos"
],
[
"*hweulō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hweulō"
],
[
"hwēol",
"hweol#Old_English"
],
[
"whel",
"whel#Middle_English"
],
[
"whel",
"whel#Middle_English"
],
[
"hwēol",
"hweol#Old_English"
],
[
"*hwehwl",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwehwl"
],
[
"*hwehwlą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwehwlą"
],
[
"*hweulō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hweulō"
],
[
"*kʷekʷlóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷekʷlóm"
],
[
"*kʷékʷlos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷékʷlos"
],
[
"*kʷékʷléh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷékʷléh₂"
],
[
"*kʷel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷel-"
],
[
"tsjil",
"tsjil#West_Frisian"
],
[
"wiel",
"wiel#Dutch"
],
[
"Danish",
"hjul#Danish"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"hjul#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Norwegian Nynorsk",
"hjul#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"hjul",
"hjul#Swedish"
],
[
"kokale",
"kokale#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"κύκλος",
"κύκλος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀",
"𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀#Avestan"
],
[
"चक्र",
"चक्र#Sanskrit"
],
[
"colō",
"colo#Latin"
],
[
"käl-",
"käl-#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"πέλω",
"πέλω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"коло",
"коло#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"sjell",
"sjell#Albanian"
],
[
"𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌#Avestan"
],
[
"चरति",
"चरति#Sanskrit"
],
[
"chakra",
"chakra#English"
],
[
"chakram",
"chakram#English"
],
[
"charkha",
"charkha#English"
],
[
"chukker",
"chukker#English"
],
[
"cycle",
"cycle#English"
],
[
"cyclus",
"cyclus#English"
],
[
"kike",
"kike#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Samoan",
"lang_code": "sm",
"word": "uili",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A circular device capable of rotating on its axis, facilitating movement or transportation or performing labour in machines.",
"A steering wheel and its implied control of a vehicle.",
"The instrument attached to the rudder by which a vessel is steered.",
"A spinning wheel."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"with-definite-article"
],
"recordId": "567d534995c4918d417083fb5186f75008d29f17d2a72beef0bb78620e9f9da9",
"rawRecordSha256": "4a03d60a7f31a611ec753cec5f350eb3db888f7fcca5d2bff1d929d682d18a4e",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 156906
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 20,
"glosses": 0
}
}