Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗pron
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryExcluding the person(s) being addressed. (This is the exclusive we.) · Including the person(s) being addressed. (This is the inclusive we.) · The institution which the speaker/writer is acting for. (This is the editorial we, used by writers and others when speaking with the authority of their publication or organisation.) · Any other entity that the speaker is a part of or identifies with, such as place of employment or education, nation, region, language, etc.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *wéyder. Proto-Germanic *wīz Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ Old English wē Middle English we English we From Middle English we, from Old English wē (“we”), from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, *wiz (“we”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéy (“we (plural)”). Cognate with Scots wee, we (“we”), North Frisian we (“we”), West Frisian wy (“we”), Low German wi (“we”), Dutch we, wij (“we”), German wir (“we”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian vi (“we”), Icelandic vér, við (“we”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬨 (vaēm), Sanskrit वयम् (vayám).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionweenm
- Inherited-form mentionwēang
- Inherited-form mention*wiʀgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*wīzgem-pro
- Inherited-form mention*wéyine-pro
- Cognate mentionweesco
- Cognate mentionwefrr
- Cognate mentionwyfy
- Cognate mentionwinds
- Cognate mentionwenl
- Cognate mentionwirde
- Cognate mentionvino
- Cognate mentionvéris
- Cognate mention𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬨ae
- Cognate mentionवयम्sa
This page abbreviates 10 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:we<id:pronoun>",
"id": "nominative",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *wéyder.\nProto-Germanic *wīz\nProto-West Germanic *wiʀ\nOld English wē\nMiddle English we\nEnglish we\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wéy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wīz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wiʀ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wē\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"we\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"we\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"nominative\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"we\" id=\"English:_nominative\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "we"
},
"expansion": "Middle English we"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wē",
"4": "",
"5": "we"
},
"expansion": "Old English wē (“we”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wiʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīz"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wéy",
"4": "",
"5": "we (plural)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéy (“we (plural)”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wee"
},
"expansion": "Scots wee"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "we",
"3": "",
"4": "we"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian we (“we”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wy",
"3": "",
"4": "we"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wy (“we”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wi",
"3": "",
"4": "we"
},
"expansion": "Low German wi (“we”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "we"
},
"expansion": "Dutch we"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wir",
"3": "",
"4": "we"
},
"expansion": "German wir (“we”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "vi",
"3": "",
"4": "we"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian vi (“we”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "vér"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic vér"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬨 (vaēm)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वयम्",
"tr": "vayám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वयम् (vayám)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:we<id:pronoun>",
"id": "nominative",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *wéyder.\nProto-Germanic *wīz\nProto-West Germanic *wiʀ\nOld English wē\nMiddle English we\nEnglish we"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*wéy",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wéy"
],
[
"*wīz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīz"
],
[
"*wiʀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wiʀ"
],
[
"wē",
"we#Old_English"
],
[
"we",
"we#Middle_English:_pronoun"
],
[
"we",
"we#Middle_English"
],
[
"wē",
"we#Old_English"
],
[
"*wiʀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wiʀ"
],
[
"*wīz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīz"
],
[
"*wiz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wiz"
],
[
"*wéy",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wéy"
],
[
"wee",
"wee#Scots"
],
[
"we",
"we#Scots"
],
[
"we",
"we#North_Frisian"
],
[
"wy",
"wy#West_Frisian"
],
[
"wi",
"wi#Low_German"
],
[
"we",
"we#Dutch"
],
[
"wij",
"wij#Dutch"
],
[
"wir",
"wir#German"
],
[
"vi",
"vi#Norwegian"
],
[
"vér",
"vér#Icelandic"
],
[
"við",
"við#Icelandic"
],
[
"𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬨",
"𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬨#Avestan"
],
[
"वयम्",
"वयम्#Sanskrit"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Jamaican Creole",
"lang_code": "jam",
"word": "wi"
},
{
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"word": "wi"
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "pron",
"glosses": [
"Excluding the person(s) being addressed. (This is the exclusive we.)",
"Including the person(s) being addressed. (This is the inclusive we.)",
"The institution which the speaker/writer is acting for. (This is the editorial we, used by writers and others when speaking with the authority of their publication or organisation.)",
"Any other entity that the speaker is a part of or identifies with, such as place of employment or education, nation, region, language, etc."
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
],
"recordId": "adb4c055c0ac590bc7d623abdf3a1e5bfe6e072941570f111bb8f65e8ec2f47a",
"rawRecordSha256": "058c234af660d4a22c51f41a1153ef18ec3c4295f9b843dd53d16bf5c2b08d3d",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 24390
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 10,
"glosses": 0
}
}