Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗adv
Plentifully, abundantly.
adj
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryWidespread, common, prevalent, current (mainly of unpleasant or harmful things). · Abounding; present in large numbers, plentiful. · Full of (mostly unpleasant or harmful things). · Having power; active; nimble.
From Middle English rife, from Old English rīfe, rȳfe (“rife, abundant, frequent”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīb, from Proto-Germanic *rībaz (“generous”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear (off), rip”). Cognate with West Frisian rju (“rife, much”), Dutch rijf (“abundant, copious”), Low German rive (“abundant, munificent”), Icelandic rífur (“rife, munificent”), Faroese ríviligur (“plentiful, abundant”), Faroese rívan (“abundantly”), Icelandic reifa (“to bestow”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionrifeenm
- Inherited-form mentionrīfeang
- Inherited-form mention*rībgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*rībazgem-pro · generous
- Derivation mention*h₁reyp-ine-pro · to tear (off), rip
- Cognate mentionrjufy · rife, much
- Cognate mentionrijfnl · abundant, copious
- Cognate mentionrivends · abundant, munificent
- Cognate mentionrífuris · rife, munificent
- Cognate mentionríviligurfo · plentiful, abundant
- Cognate mentionrívanfo · abundantly
- Cognate mentionreifais · to bestow
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"templates": [
{
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"3": "rife"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rife"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "rīfe"
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"expansion": "Old English rīfe"
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{
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{
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},
{
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"1": "fy",
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"t": "rife, much"
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"expansion": "West Frisian rju (“rife, much”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rijf",
"t": "abundant, copious"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rijf (“abundant, copious”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "rive",
"t": "abundant, munificent"
},
"expansion": "Low German rive (“abundant, munificent”)"
},
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"args": {
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"t": "rife, munificent"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic rífur (“rife, munificent”)"
},
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"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "ríviligur",
"t": "plentiful, abundant"
},
"expansion": "Faroese ríviligur (“plentiful, abundant”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "rívan",
"t": "abundantly"
},
"expansion": "Faroese rívan (“abundantly”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "reifa",
"t": "to bestow"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic reifa (“to bestow”)"
}
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[
"rife",
"rife#Middle_English"
],
[
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[
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],
[
"*rīb",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rīb"
],
[
"*rībaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rībaz"
],
[
"*h₁reyp-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁reyp-"
],
[
"rju",
"rju#West_Frisian"
],
[
"rijf",
"rijf#Dutch"
],
[
"rive",
"rive#Low_German"
],
[
"rífur",
"rífur#Icelandic"
],
[
"ríviligur",
"ríviligur#Faroese"
],
[
"rívan",
"rívan#Faroese"
],
[
"reifa",
"reifa#Icelandic"
]
],
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{
"pos": "adv",
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"Plentifully, abundantly."
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"Abounding; present in large numbers, plentiful.",
"Full of (mostly unpleasant or harmful things).",
"Having power; active; nimble."
],
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