*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of rib

From Middle English rib, ribbe, from Old English ribb (“rib”), from Proto-West Germanic *ribi, from Proto-Germanic *ribją (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rebʰ- (“arch, ceiling, cover”). Cognate with Dutch rib

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

To shape, support, or provide something with a rib or ribs. · To tease or make fun of someone in a good-natured way. · To enclose, as if with ribs, and protect; to shut in. · To leave strips of undisturbed ground between the furrows in ploughing (land).

noun

Any of a series of long curved bones occurring in 12 pairs in humans and other animals and extending from the spine to or toward the sternum. · A part or piece, similar to a rib, and serving to shape or support something. · A cut of meat enclosing one or more rib bones. · Any of several curved members attached to a ship's keel and extending upward and outward to form the framework of the hull.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English rib, ribbe, from Old English ribb (“rib”), from Proto-West Germanic *ribi, from Proto-Germanic *ribją (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rebʰ- (“arch, ceiling, cover”). Cognate with Dutch rib (“rib”), Norwegian ribbe (“sparerib”), Norwegian ribben (“rib”), Low German ribbe (“rib”), German Rippe (“rib”), Old Norse rif (“rib, reef”), Serbo-Croatian rèbro (“rib”). (wife or woman): In reference to the creation of Eve from Adam's rib in the Bible.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*h₁rebʰ-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionribenm
  • Inherited-form mentionribbang · rib
  • Inherited-form mention*ribigmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*ribjągem-pro · rib, reef
  • Derivation mention*h₁rebʰ-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionribnl
  • Cognate mentionribbeno
  • Cognate mentionribbenno
  • Cognate mentionribbends
  • Cognate mentionRippede
  • Cognate mentionrifnon
  • Cognate mentionrèbrosh

This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "args": {
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        "3": "*h₁rebʰ-"
      },
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    },
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      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
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        "3": "rib"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English rib"
    },
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      "name": "inh",
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ribb",
        "t": "rib"
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    },
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        "t": "rib, reef"
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    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁rebʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "arch, ceiling, cover"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rebʰ- (“arch, ceiling, cover”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "rib",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rib"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch rib (“rib”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "ribbe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sparerib"
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      "expansion": "Norwegian ribbe (“sparerib”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "ribben",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rib"
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      "expansion": "Norwegian ribben (“rib”)"
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "ribbe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rib"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German ribbe (“rib”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Rippe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rib"
      },
      "expansion": "German Rippe (“rib”)"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "rif",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rib, reef"
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    },
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        "1": "sh",
        "2": "rèbro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rib"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian rèbro (“rib”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "sense",
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        "1": "wife or woman"
      },
      "expansion": "(wife or woman):"
    }
  ],
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      "rib#Middle_English"
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      "ribbe#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ribb",
      "ribb#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*ribi",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ribi"
    ],
    [
      "*ribją",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ribją"
    ],
    [
      "*h₁rebʰ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rebʰ-"
    ],
    [
      "rib",
      "rib#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "ribbe",
      "ribbe#Norwegian"
    ],
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      "ribben",
      "ribben#Norwegian"
    ],
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      "ribbe",
      "ribbe#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "Rippe",
      "Rippe#German"
    ],
    [
      "rif",
      "rif#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "rèbro",
      "rebro#Serbo-Croatian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
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      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To shape, support, or provide something with a rib or ribs.",
        "To tease or make fun of someone in a good-natured way.",
        "To enclose, as if with ribs, and protect; to shut in.",
        "To leave strips of undisturbed ground between the furrows in ploughing (land)."
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        "A part or piece, similar to a rib, and serving to shape or support something.",
        "A cut of meat enclosing one or more rib bones.",
        "Any of several curved members attached to a ship's keel and extending upward and outward to form the framework of the hull."
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

Hound's-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale). · Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita). · Watercress (Nasturtium officinale).

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English ribbe, from Old English ribbe (“hound's-tongue”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionribbeenm
  • Inherited-form mentionribbeang · hound's-tongue
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "3": "ribbe"
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    },
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ribbe",
        "t": "hound's-tongue"
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    }
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  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
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        "Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita).",
        "Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for rib →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cmli