Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo travel by railway. · To place on a track. · To enclose with rails or a railing. · To range in a line.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti Proto-Italic *regō Latin regō Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr Proto-Indo-European *-om Proto-Indo-European *-trom Proto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom Latin -ula Latin rēgulabor. Proto-West Germanic *regulu Old English regol ▲ Latin rēgula Old French reillebor. Middle English rail English rail From Middle English rail, rayl, *reȝel, *reȝol (found in reȝolsticke (“a ruler”)), partly from Old English regol (“a ruler, straight bar”) and partly from Old French reille; both from Latin regula (“rule, bar”), from regō (“to rule, to guide, to govern”); see regular. Doublet of regal, regula, rigol, and rule.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:rail<ety:inh<ang:regol>:bor<fro:reille<ety:inh<la:rēgula>>>>",
"id": "straight",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti\nProto-Italic *regō\nLatin regō\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-om\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom\nLatin -ula\nLatin rēgulabor.\nProto-West Germanic *regulu\nOld English regol\n▲\nLatin rēgula\nOld French reillebor.\nMiddle English rail\nEnglish rail\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to rule, govern\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to straighten\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃reǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃réǵeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*regō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"regō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"instrument\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tlom, *-dʰlom\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-om\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tlom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ula\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rēgula\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*regulu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"regol\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"regō<t:to rule, govern>\", \"4\" : \"-ula<id:instrument>\", \"text\" : \"+\", \"title\" : \"rēgula\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rēgula\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"reille\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rail\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rail\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"straight\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rail\" id=\"English:_straight\">"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rail"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rail"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "regol",
"4": "",
"5": "a ruler, straight bar"
},
"expansion": "Old English regol (“a ruler, straight bar”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "reille"
},
"expansion": "Old French reille"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "regula",
"4": "",
"5": "rule, bar"
},
"expansion": "Latin regula (“rule, bar”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "regal#Noun",
"3": "regula",
"4": "rigol",
"5": "rule"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of regal, regula, rigol, and rule"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:rail<ety:inh<ang:regol>:bor<fro:reille<ety:inh<la:rēgula>>>>",
"id": "straight",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti\nProto-Italic *regō\nLatin regō\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-om\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom\nLatin -ula\nLatin rēgulabor.\nProto-West Germanic *regulu\nOld English regol\n▲\nLatin rēgula\nOld French reillebor.\nMiddle English rail\nEnglish rail"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₃reǵ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃reǵ-#Proto-Indo-European:_to_straighten"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti"
],
[
"*h₃réǵeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃réǵeti"
],
[
"*regō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/regō"
],
[
"regō",
"rego#Latin"
],
[
"*-tḗr",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tḗr#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-om",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-om"
],
[
"*-trom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-trom#Proto-Indo-European:_tool_noun"
],
[
"*-tlom, *-dʰlom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tlom"
],
[
"-ula",
"-ula#Latin:_instrument"
],
[
"rēgula",
"regula#Latin"
],
[
"*regulu",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/regulu"
],
[
"regol",
"regol#Old_English"
],
[
"rēgula",
"regula#Latin"
],
[
"reille",
"reille#Old_French"
],
[
"rail",
"rail#Middle_English"
],
[
"rail",
"rail#Middle_English"
],
[
"rayl",
"rayl#Middle_English"
],
[
"*reȝel",
"Reconstruction:Middle English/reȝel"
],
[
"*reȝol",
"Reconstruction:Middle English/reȝol"
],
[
"reȝolsticke",
"reȝolsticke#Middle_English"
],
[
"regol",
"regol#Old_English"
],
[
"reille",
"reille#Old_French"
],
[
"regula",
"regula#Latin"
],
[
"regō",
"rego#Latin"
],
[
"regular",
"regular#English"
],
[
"regal",
"regal#Noun"
],
[
"regula",
"regula#English"
],
[
"rigol",
"rigol#English"
],
[
"rule",
"rule#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To travel by railway.",
"To place on a track.",
"To enclose with rails or a railing.",
"To range in a line."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 28938
}
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"links": 0,
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"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 2,
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