*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of raft

Late Middle English, of North Germanic origin, from West Old Norse raptr, from Proto-Germanic *raf-tra-, from Proto-Indo-European *rap-tro-, from *rep- (“stake, beam”). See also Norwegian raft (“beam, rafter”), Danish ra

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

A flat-bottomed craft able to float and drift on water, used for transport or as a waterborne platform. · Any flattish thing, usually wooden, used in a similar fashion. · A thick crowd of aquatic birds, particularly a group floating on the surface of the water. · A group of aquatic mammals, especially otters and especially when visible on the surface of the water.

verb

To convey on a raft. · To make into a raft. · To travel by raft. · To dock (toolbars, etc.) so that they share horizontal or vertical space.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Late Middle English, of North Germanic origin, from West Old Norse raptr, from Proto-Germanic *raf-tra-, from Proto-Indo-European *rap-tro-, from *rep- (“stake, beam”). See also Norwegian raft (“beam, rafter”), Danish raft (“thin pole”). Compare also Albanian trap (“raft, ferry”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mentionraptrnon
  • Derivation mention*raf-tra-gem-pro
  • Derivation mention*rap-tro-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionraftno · beam, rafter
  • Cognate mentionraftda · thin pole
  • Cognate mentiontrapsq · raft, ferry

This page abbreviates 5 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-"
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      "expansion": "Middle English"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmq",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "North Germanic"
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      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian raft (“beam, rafter”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "raft",
        "t": "thin pole"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish raft (“thin pole”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
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        "2": "trap",
        "t": "raft, ferry"
      },
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    }
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/rap-tro-"
    ],
    [
      "*rep-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/rep-"
    ],
    [
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      "raft#Norwegian"
    ],
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      "raft#Danish"
    ],
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      "trap#Albanian"
    ]
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        "A flat-bottomed craft able to float and drift on water, used for transport or as a waterborne platform.",
        "Any flattish thing, usually wooden, used in a similar fashion.",
        "A thick crowd of aquatic birds, particularly a group floating on the surface of the water.",
        "A group of aquatic mammals, especially otters and especially when visible on the surface of the water."
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        "To convey on a raft.",
        "To make into a raft.",
        "To travel by raft.",
        "To dock (toolbars, etc.) so that they share horizontal or vertical space."
      ],
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A large (but unspecified) number, a lot.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Alteration of raff.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "references": [],
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for raft →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cmFmdA