Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo reside, especially as a boarder or tenant. · To assign to a room; to allocate a room to.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *Hrew-? Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH-der. Proto-Germanic *rūmą Proto-West Germanic *rūm Old English rūm Middle English roum English room From Middle English roum (“room, space”), from Old English rūm (“room, space”), from Proto-West Germanic *rūm (“room”), from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room”), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to root; to rip, tear”), from *Hrew- (“to tear out, open”). Cognates Cognate with North Frisian rüm (“room, space”), Saterland Frisian and Low German Ruum (“room, space”), Dutch ruim (“open space; cargo hold”), German and Luxembourgish Raum (“room, space”), Vilamovian raojm (“room”), Danish and Swedish rum (“room, space”), Faroese and Icelandic rúm (“space, room”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk rom (“room, space”), Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum, “room, space”); also Irish rúsc (“bark”), Manx roost (“bark; peel, rind”), Scottish Gaelic rùsg (“rind; bark; fleece; shell”), Welsh rhisgl (“bark”), Latin rūs (“country, fields, lands; estate, farm; village”), Ancient Greek ὀρύσσω (orússō), ὀρύττω (orúttō, “to dig”), Latvian raut (“to pull with force”), Lithuanian rauti (“to grub, pull”), Belarusian рыць (rycʹ, “to dig”), Bulgarian ри́я (ríja, “to excavate”), Czech rýt (“to dig; to engrave”), Polish ryć (“to dig”), Russian рыть (rytʹ, “to dig; to burrow, mine”), Slovak ryť (“to dig; to engrave”), Slovene riti (“to dig”), Ukrainian ри́ти (rýty, “to dig, excavate”), Central Kurdish ڕێو (rêw, “public hair”), Tocharian A kärpi (“raw, rough; common”), Tocharian B kärpiye (“raw, rough; common”), Sanskrit लोमन् (loman), रोमन् (roman, “body hair; down, wool”). More at rural. Doublet of Raum, a surname from German. The word superficially appears to be an exception to the Great Vowel Shift, which might have produced the pronunciation /ɹaʊm/, but the retention of Middle English /uː/ before /m/ is regular. In fact, /aʊ/ does not occur before non-coronal consonants in Standard Modern English native vocabulary. Some dialects did undergo diphthongization in such a position and the pronunciation /ɹaʊm/ occurs, for example, in Lancashire.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionroumenm · room, space
- Inherited-form mentionrūmang · room, space
- Inherited-form mention*rūmgmw-pro · room
- Inherited-form mention*rūmągem-pro · room
- Inherited-form mention*(H)rewH-ine-pro · to root; to rip, tear
- Cognate mentionrümfrr · room, space
- Cognate mentionruimnl · open space; cargo hold
- Cognate mentionraojmwym · room
- Cognate mention𐍂𐌿𐌼got · room, space
- Cognate mentionrúscga · bark
- Cognate mentionroostgv · bark; peel, rind
- Cognate mentionrùsggd · rind; bark; fleece; shell
- Cognate mentionrhisglcy · bark
- Cognate mentionrūsla · country, fields, lands; estate, farm; village
- Cognate mentionὀρύσσωgrc
- Cognate mentionrautlv · to pull with force
- Cognate mentionrautilt · to grub, pull
- Cognate mentionрыцьbe · to dig
- Cognate mentionри́яbg · to excavate
- Cognate mentionrýtcs · to dig; to engrave
- Cognate mentionryćpl · to dig
- Cognate mentionрытьru · to dig; to burrow, mine
- Cognate mentionryťsk · to dig; to engrave
- Cognate mentionritisl · to dig
- Cognate mentionри́тиuk · to dig, excavate
- Cognate mentionڕێوckb · public hair
- Cognate mentionkärpixto · raw, rough; common
- Cognate mentionkärpiyetxb · raw, rough; common
- Cognate mentionलोमन्sa
- Doublet mentionRaumen
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:roum<id:space>",
"id": "space",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hrew-?\nProto-Indo-European *(H)rewH-der.\nProto-Germanic *rūmą\nProto-West Germanic *rūm\nOld English rūm\nMiddle English roum\nEnglish room\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"dig\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"tear\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*Hrew-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(H)rewH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rūmą\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rūm\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"rūm\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"roum\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"room\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"space\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"room\" id=\"English:_space\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "roum",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "Middle English roum (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rūm",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "Old English rūm (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rūm",
"t": "room"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rūm (“room”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūmą",
"t": "room"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(H)rewH-",
"t": "to root; to rip, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to root; to rip, tear”)"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "rüm",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian rüm (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq,nds",
"2": "Ruum",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian and Low German Ruum (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ruim",
"t": "open space; cargo hold"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ruim (“open space; cargo hold”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de,lb",
"2": "Raum",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "German and Luxembourgish Raum (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "raojm",
"t": "room"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian raojm (“room”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,sv",
"2": "rum",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "Danish and Swedish rum (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo,is",
"2": "rúm",
"t": "space, room"
},
"expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic rúm (“space, room”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb,nn",
"2": "rom",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk rom (“room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍂𐌿𐌼",
"t": "room, space"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum, “room, space”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "rúsc",
"t": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Irish rúsc (“bark”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "roost",
"t": "bark; peel, rind"
},
"expansion": "Manx roost (“bark; peel, rind”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "rùsg",
"t": "rind; bark; fleece; shell"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic rùsg (“rind; bark; fleece; shell”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "rhisgl",
"t": "bark"
},
"expansion": "Welsh rhisgl (“bark”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rūs",
"t": "country, fields, lands; estate, farm; village"
},
"expansion": "Latin rūs (“country, fields, lands; estate, farm; village”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀρύσσω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρύσσω (orússō)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "raut",
"t": "to pull with force"
},
"expansion": "Latvian raut (“to pull with force”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "rauti",
"t": "to grub, pull"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian rauti (“to grub, pull”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "рыць",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian рыць (rycʹ, “to dig”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ри́я",
"t": "to excavate"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian ри́я (ríja, “to excavate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "rýt",
"t": "to dig; to engrave"
},
"expansion": "Czech rýt (“to dig; to engrave”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ryć",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Polish ryć (“to dig”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "рыть",
"t": "to dig; to burrow, mine"
},
"expansion": "Russian рыть (rytʹ, “to dig; to burrow, mine”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ryť",
"t": "to dig; to engrave"
},
"expansion": "Slovak ryť (“to dig; to engrave”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "riti",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Slovene riti (“to dig”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ри́ти",
"t": "to dig, excavate"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian ри́ти (rýty, “to dig, excavate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "ڕێو",
"t": "public hair"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish ڕێو (rêw, “public hair”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "kärpi",
"t": "raw, rough; common"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A kärpi (“raw, rough; common”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "kärpiye",
"t": "raw, rough; common"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B kärpiye (“raw, rough; common”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "लोमन्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit लोमन् (loman)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Raum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Raum"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:roum<id:space>",
"id": "space",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hrew-?\nProto-Indo-European *(H)rewH-der.\nProto-Germanic *rūmą\nProto-West Germanic *rūm\nOld English rūm\nMiddle English roum\nEnglish room"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*Hrew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Hrew-#Proto-Indo-European:_tear"
],
[
"*(H)rewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(H)rewH-#Proto-Indo-European:_dig"
],
[
"*rūmą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūmą#Proto-Germanic:_room"
],
[
"*rūm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rūm#Proto-West_Germanic:_room"
],
[
"rūm",
"rum#Old_English:_space"
],
[
"roum",
"roum#Middle_English:_space"
],
[
"roum",
"roum#Middle_English"
],
[
"rūm",
"rum#Old_English"
],
[
"*rūm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rūm"
],
[
"*rūmą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūmą"
],
[
"*(H)rewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(H)rewH-"
],
[
"*Hrew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Hrew-"
],
[
"rüm",
"rüm#North_Frisian"
],
[
"Saterland Frisian",
"Ruum#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"Ruum",
"Ruum#Low_German"
],
[
"ruim",
"ruim#Dutch"
],
[
"German",
"Raum#German"
],
[
"Raum",
"Raum#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"raojm",
"raojm#Vilamovian"
],
[
"Danish",
"rum#Danish"
],
[
"rum",
"rum#Swedish"
],
[
"Faroese",
"rúm#Faroese"
],
[
"rúm",
"rúm#Icelandic"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"rom#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"rom",
"rom#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"𐍂𐌿𐌼",
"𐍂𐌿𐌼#Gothic"
],
[
"rúsc",
"rúsc#Irish"
],
[
"roost",
"roost#Manx"
],
[
"rùsg",
"rùsg#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"rhisgl",
"rhisgl#Welsh"
],
[
"rūs",
"rus#Latin"
],
[
"ὀρύσσω",
"ὀρύσσω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ὀρύττω",
"ὀρύττω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"raut",
"raut#Latvian"
],
[
"rauti",
"rauti#Lithuanian"
],
[
"рыць",
"рыць#Belarusian"
],
[
"ри́я",
"рия#Bulgarian"
],
[
"rýt",
"rýt#Czech"
],
[
"ryć",
"ryć#Polish"
],
[
"рыть",
"рыть#Russian"
],
[
"ryť",
"ryť#Slovak"
],
[
"riti",
"riti#Slovene"
],
[
"ри́ти",
"рити#Ukrainian"
],
[
"ڕێو",
"ڕێو#Central_Kurdish"
],
[
"kärpi",
"kärpi#Tocharian_A"
],
[
"kärpiye",
"kärpiye#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"लोमन्",
"लोमन्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"रोमन्",
"रोमन्#Sanskrit"
],
[
"rural",
"rural#English"
],
[
"Raum",
"Raum#English"
],
[
"coronal",
"coronal"
],
[
"Lancashire",
"Lancashire"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To reside, especially as a boarder or tenant.",
"To assign to a room; to allocate a room to."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"recordId": "3445a4279bfb0c1ae1ea79c81d62566db9270c4c5bfde32b6c7b830e610b7dc2",
"rawRecordSha256": "87b75d1fffeae0c1c235520cb390ababcb9b4e0e8795cbcdf867cde918c67aca",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 19222
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}