Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To cheat or swindle.
A European bird, Corvus frugilegus, of the crow family. · A cheat or swindler; someone who betrays. · A bad deal; a rip-off. · A type of firecracker used by farmers to scare birds of the same name.
* Inherited from Middle English rok, roke, from Old English hrōc, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōk, from Proto-Germanic *hrōkaz (compare Old Norse hrókr, Saterland Frisian Rouk, Dutch roek, obsolete German Ruch), from Proto-Indo-European *kerk- (“crow, raven”) (compare Old Irish cerc (“hen”), Old Prussian kerko (“loon, diver”), dialectal Bulgarian кро́кон (krókon, “raven”), Ancient Greek κόραξ (kórax, “crow”), Old Armenian ագռաւ (agṙaw), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬝 (kahrkatat̰, “rooster”), Sanskrit कृकर (kṛkara, “rooster”)), Ukrainian крук (kruk, “raven”). * (parson): Probably from the resemblance in plumage to a parson's garments.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionrokenm
- Inherited-form mentionhrōcang
- Inherited-form mention*hrōkgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*hrōkazgem-pro
- Cognate mentionhrókrnon
- Cognate mentionRoukstq
- Cognate mentionroeknl
- Cognate mentionRuchde
- Derivation mention*kerk-ine-pro · crow, raven
- Cognate mentioncercsga
- Cognate mentionkerkoprg
- Cognate mentionкро́конbg
- Cognate mentionκόραξgrc
- Cognate mentionագռաւxcl
- Cognate mention𐬐𐬀𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬝ae · rooster
- Cognate mentionकृकरsa · rooster
- Cognate mentionкрукuk
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"expansion": "Middle English rok"
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"expansion": "Dutch roek"
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"expansion": "Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬝 (kahrkatat̰, “rooster”)"
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"To cheat or swindle."
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"A European bird, Corvus frugilegus, of the crow family.",
"A cheat or swindler; someone who betrays.",
"A bad deal; a rip-off.",
"A type of firecracker used by farmers to scare birds of the same name."
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