*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of rood

From Middle English rode, rood (“cross”), from Old English rōd (“cross”), from Proto-Germanic *rōdō, *rōdǭ (“rod, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *rōt-, *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”). Cognate with German Rute (“rod, cane,

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A crucifix, cross, especially in a church. · A measure of land area, equal to a quarter of an acre. · An area of sixty-four square yards. · A measure of five and a half yards in length.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English rode, rood (“cross”), from Old English rōd (“cross”), from Proto-Germanic *rōdō, *rōdǭ (“rod, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *rōt-, *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”). Cognate with German Rute (“rod, cane, pole”), Norwegian roda (“rod”). Largely displaced by cross. More at rod.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*reh₁t-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentionrodeenm
  • Inherited-form mentionrōdang
  • Inherited-form mention*rōdōgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*rōt-ine-pro
  • Cognate mentionRutede
  • Cognate mentionrodano

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*reh₁t-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "rode",
        "id": "cross"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English rode"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rōd",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cross"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rōd (“cross”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
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        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rōdō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōdō"
    },
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      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*rōt-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rōt-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Rute",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rod, cane, pole"
      },
      "expansion": "German Rute (“rod, cane, pole”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "roda",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rod"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian roda (“rod”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "rode",
      "rode#Middle_English:_cross"
    ],
    [
      "rood",
      "rood#Middle_English:_cross"
    ],
    [
      "rōd",
      "rod#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*rōdō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rōdō"
    ],
    [
      "*rōdǭ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rōdǭ"
    ],
    [
      "*rōt-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/rōt-"
    ],
    [
      "*reh₁t-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/reh₁t-"
    ],
    [
      "Rute",
      "Rute#German"
    ],
    [
      "roda",
      "roda#Norwegian"
    ],
    [
      "cross",
      "cross#English"
    ],
    [
      "rod",
      "rod#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A crucifix, cross, especially in a church.",
        "A measure of land area, equal to a quarter of an acre.",
        "An area of sixty-four square yards.",
        "A measure of five and a half yards in length."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "historical",
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "3eb766694111a674787d4033079cdf16287c6ffc72a3db4dcbc6192d696c1926",
      "rawRecordSha256": "3dee787db8ec58e0041f6f484eede357b90969bfd59d4a1bdbc5a0d44cc03707",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 37860
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
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    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for rood →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cm9vZA