Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗To pelt with rocks; to stone.
The naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter that constitutes a significant part of the earth's crust. · A mass of stone projecting out of the ground or water. · A boulder or large stone; or (US, Canada) a smaller stone; a pebble. · Any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals.
Etymology tree Medieval Latin roccabor.? Old English *rocc Early Medieval Latin rocca Anglo-Norman roquebor. Middle English rokke English rock Inherited from Middle English rocke, rokke (“rock formation”), from Old English *rocc (“rock”), as in Old English stānrocc (“high stone rock, peak, obelisk”), and also later from Anglo-Norman roque, (compare Modern French roc, roche, rocher), from Medieval Latin rocca (attested 767), of uncertain origin, sometimes said to be of Celtic (in particular, perhaps Gaulish) origin (compare Breton roc'h). Related also to Middle Low German rocke (“rock ledge”). One suggestion is that it derives from Vulgar Latin *rupica, from rupes (compare rupico).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 18 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:rokke",
"id": "stone",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMedieval Latin roccabor.?\nOld English *rocc\nEarly Medieval Latin rocca\nAnglo-Norman roquebor.\nMiddle English rokke\nEnglish rock\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"rocca\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"*rocc\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"roque\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Early Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"rocca\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la-eme\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Anglo-Norman\", \"term\" : \"roche\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"xno\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rokke\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rock\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"stone\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rock\" id=\"English:_stone\">"
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"expansion": "Middle English rocke"
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English rocke"
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"expansion": "Anglo-Norman roque"
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"2": "roc"
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"expansion": "French roc"
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{
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"2": "la-med",
"3": "rocca"
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"expansion": "Medieval Latin rocca"
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"expansion": "uncertain"
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},
"expansion": "Celtic"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
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"2": "roc'h"
},
"expansion": "Breton roc'h"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
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"2": "rocke",
"t": "rock ledge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rocke (“rock ledge”)"
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}
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"rocca",
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],
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"Reconstruction:Old English/rocc"
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"roque",
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[
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[
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"rocke",
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],
[
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],
[
"rupico",
"rupico#Latin"
]
],
"references": [],
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"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To pelt with rocks; to stone."
],
"tags": [
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"pos": "noun",
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"The naturally occurring aggregate of solid mineral matter that constitutes a significant part of the earth's crust.",
"A mass of stone projecting out of the ground or water.",
"A boulder or large stone; or (US, Canada) a smaller stone; a pebble.",
"Any natural material with a distinctive composition of minerals."
],
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