*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of pine

From Middle English pyne, from Old English *pīne, from Proto-West Germanic *pīnā, from Latin pīnus, see there for more. Doublet of pinus. Possibly related to fat.

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus. · Any tree (usually coniferous) which resembles a member of this genus in some respect. · The wood of this tree. · A pineapple.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English pyne, from Old English *pīne, from Proto-West Germanic *pīnā, from Latin pīnus, see there for more. Doublet of pinus. Possibly related to fat.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionpyneenm
  • Inherited-form mention*pīneang
  • Inherited-form mention*pīnāgmw-pro
  • Derivation mentionpīnusla
  • Doublet mentionpinusen

This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:pyne<id:pine tree>",
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    },
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      "name": "vern",
      "args": {
        "1": "Turkish pine",
        "2": "Turkish pine"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish pine"
    },
    {
      "name": "taxlink",
      "args": {
        "1": "Pinus brutia",
        "2": "species"
      },
      "expansion": "Pinus brutia"
    },
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    },
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      "name": "der",
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      },
      "expansion": "Latin pīnus"
    },
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      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of pinus"
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      "pīnus",
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A painful longing.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English pyne, pine, probably from Old English *pīne (“pain”), from Proto-West Germanic *pīnā (“pain, torment, torture”), possibly from Latin poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”). Cognate to pain. Entered Germanic with Christianity; cognate to Middle Dutch pinen, Old High German pīnōn, Old Norse pína.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionpyneenm
  • Inherited-form mention*pīneang · pain
  • Inherited-form mention*pīnāgmw-pro · pain, torment, torture
  • Derivation mentionpoenala · punishment
  • Derivation mentionποινήgrc
  • Cognate mentionpinendum
  • Cognate mentionpīnōngoh
  • Cognate mentionpínanon
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    },
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      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*pīne",
        "t": "pain"
      },
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        "2": "gmw-pro",
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        "id": "pain"
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    },
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      "name": "der",
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        "3": "poena",
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      },
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    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή",
        "4": "",
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "pinen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch pinen"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "pīnōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German pīnōn"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "1": "non",
        "2": "pína"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse pína"
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Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

To languish; to lose flesh or wear away through distress. · To long, to yearn so much that it causes suffering. · To grieve or mourn for. · To inflict pain upon; to torment.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English pynen, from Old English pīnian (“to torment”), from Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn, from Proto-West Germanic *pīnā (“pain, torment, torture”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with German peinigen (“to torment, torture”), Danish pine (“to torment, torture”), Icelandic pína (“to torment”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionpynenenm
  • Inherited-form mentionpīnianang · to torment
  • Inherited-form mention*pīnōngmw-pro
  • Derivation mention*pīnāgmw-pro · pain, torment, torture
  • Cognate mentionpeinigende · to torment, torture
  • Cognate mentionpineda · to torment, torture
  • Cognate mentionpínais · to torment
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    },
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      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "pīnian",
        "t": "to torment"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English pīnian (“to torment”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
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    },
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      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*pīnā",
        "t": "pain, torment, torture",
        "id": "pain"
      },
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    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "peinigen",
        "t": "to torment, torture"
      },
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    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "pine",
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
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      },
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    },
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      "pīnian",
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    [
      "*pīnōn",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pīnōn"
    ],
    [
      "*pīnā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pīnā#Proto-West_Germanic:_pain"
    ],
    [
      "peinigen",
      "peinigen#German"
    ],
    [
      "pine",
      "pine#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "pína",
      "pína#Icelandic"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To languish; to lose flesh or wear away through distress.",
        "To long, to yearn so much that it causes suffering.",
        "To grieve or mourn for.",
        "To inflict pain upon; to torment."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "183d3de4875c686de5d21010d658a0bd6c27e6c4491f1450a859947eeb8b6a9a",
      "rawRecordSha256": "271964a22091c8d9d3242f34644df41744517d431adccf1d9a05e72d6c05e2cc",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 211393
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for pine →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cGluZQ