Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗Any of the three species of spiny-finned freshwater fish in the genus Perca. · Acanthopagrus berda · Distichodus engycephalus, Distichodus rostratus · Johnius belangerii, Macquaria ambigua, Macquaria colonorum, Macquaria novemaculeata, Nemadactylus macropterus
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *perḱ-der. Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē)der. Latin percader. Old French perchebor. Middle English perche English perch From Middle English perche, from Old French perche, from Latin perca, from Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”), cognate with περκνός (perknós, “dark-spotted”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ-, whence also Old English forn (“trout”), German Forelle (“trout”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:perche<id:kind of fish>",
"id": "fish",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *perḱ-der.\nAncient Greek πέρκη (pérkē)der.\nLatin percader.\nOld French perchebor.\nMiddle English perche\nEnglish perch\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"colored\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*perḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πέρκη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"perca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"perche\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"perche\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"perch\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"fish\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"perch\" id=\"English:_fish\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perche"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perche"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "perche"
},
"expansion": "Old French perche"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perca"
},
"expansion": "Latin perca"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πέρκη",
"4": "",
"5": "perch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*perḱ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perḱ-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "forn",
"3": "",
"4": "trout"
},
"expansion": "Old English forn (“trout”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Forelle",
"3": "",
"4": "trout"
},
"expansion": "German Forelle (“trout”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:perche<id:kind of fish>",
"id": "fish",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *perḱ-der.\nAncient Greek πέρκη (pérkē)der.\nLatin percader.\nOld French perchebor.\nMiddle English perche\nEnglish perch"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*perḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/perḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_colored"
],
[
"πέρκη",
"πέρκη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"perca",
"perca#Latin"
],
[
"perche",
"perche#Old_French"
],
[
"perche",
"perche#Middle_English:_kind_of_fish"
],
[
"perche",
"perche#Middle_English"
],
[
"perche",
"perche#Old_French"
],
[
"perca",
"perca#Latin"
],
[
"πέρκη",
"πέρκη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"περκνός",
"περκνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*perḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/perḱ-"
],
[
"forn",
"forn#Old_English"
],
[
"Forelle",
"Forelle#German"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"Any of the three species of spiny-finned freshwater fish in the genus Perca.",
"Acanthopagrus berda",
"Distichodus engycephalus, Distichodus rostratus",
"Johnius belangerii, Macquaria ambigua, Macquaria colonorum, Macquaria novemaculeata, Nemadactylus macropterus"
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"Australia"
],
"recordId": "0e10f261c488a83f5288136b1d222650fae52189db9158737c3e76695a381490",
"rawRecordSha256": "938e3b2b08b34151eff6556b31510e3f5b35f7277001a7b67d81eca42b5e1afe",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 43454
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 3,
"glosses": 0
}
}