Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo jam a door shut by inserting pennies between the doorframe and the door. · To circumvent the tripping of an electrical circuit breaker by the dangerous practice of inserting a coin in place of a fuse in a fuse socket. · During a meal or as part of a drinking game, to drop a penny in a person's drink with the expectation that they finish it (or some such variation thereof); commonly associated with crewdates at Oxford and swaps at Cambridge.
Etymology tree Pre-Greekder.? Ancient Greek πᾰτᾰ́νη (pătắnē)bor. Latin patina Latin panna? Latin pannus? Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.? Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Germanic *-īnaz Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz ? Proto-Germanic *-ingaz Proto-Germanic *panningaz Proto-West Germanic *panning Old English peniġ Middle English peny English penny From Middle English peny, from Old English peniġ, penniġ, penning (“penny”), from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz, of uncertain origin (see that page for theories). Doublet of pfennig and fening.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "enm:peny",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nPre-Greekder.?\nAncient Greek πᾰτᾰ́νη (pătắnē)bor.\nLatin patina\nLatin panna?\nLatin pannus?\nProto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Germanic *-īnaz\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Germanic *-gaz\n?\nProto-Germanic *-ingaz\nProto-Germanic *panningaz\nProto-West Germanic *panning\nOld English peniġ\nMiddle English peny\nEnglish penny\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰτᾰ́νη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pannus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panningaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"penning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"peny\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"penny\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"penny\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "peny"
},
"expansion": "Middle English peny"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "peniġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English peniġ"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*panning"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *panning"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*panningaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pfennig",
"3": "fening"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of pfennig and fening"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:peny",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nPre-Greekder.?\nAncient Greek πᾰτᾰ́νη (pătắnē)bor.\nLatin patina\nLatin panna?\nLatin pannus?\nProto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Germanic *-īnaz\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Germanic *-gaz\n?\nProto-Germanic *-ingaz\nProto-Germanic *panningaz\nProto-West Germanic *panning\nOld English peniġ\nMiddle English peny\nEnglish penny"
}
],
"links": [
[
"πᾰτᾰ́νη",
"πατάνη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"patina",
"patina#Latin"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Latin"
],
[
"pannus",
"pannus#Latin"
],
[
"*-n̥kʷo-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-n̥kʷo-"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos"
],
[
"*-īnaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-īnaz"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-gaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-gaz"
],
[
"*-ingaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ingaz"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
],
[
"*panning",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/panning"
],
[
"peniġ",
"penning#Old_English"
],
[
"peny",
"peny#Middle_English"
],
[
"peny",
"peny#Middle_English"
],
[
"peniġ",
"penig#Old_English"
],
[
"penniġ",
"pennig#Old_English"
],
[
"penning",
"penning#Old_English"
],
[
"*panning",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/panning"
],
[
"*panningaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/panningaz"
],
[
"pfennig",
"pfennig#English"
],
[
"fening",
"fening#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To jam a door shut by inserting pennies between the doorframe and the door.",
"To circumvent the tripping of an electrical circuit breaker by the dangerous practice of inserting a coin in place of a fuse in a fuse socket.",
"During a meal or as part of a drinking game, to drop a penny in a person's drink with the expectation that they finish it (or some such variation thereof); commonly associated with crewdates at Oxford and swaps at Cambridge."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 14314
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