Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryAn edible fruit produced by the pear tree, similar to an apple but typically elongated towards the stem. · A type of fruit tree (Pyrus communis). · The wood of the pear tree (pearwood, pear wood). · Choke pear (a torture device).
Etymology tree Vulgar Latin pirabor. Proto-West Germanic *peru Old English pere Middle English pere English pear From Middle English pere, from Old English pere, from Proto-West Germanic *peru, from Vulgar Latin pira, originally the plural of Latin pirum but reconstrued as a feminine singular, ultimately a loanword from an unknown Mediterranean substrate source. Cognate with Scots peer (“pear”), Saterland Frisian Peere, Pere (“pear”), West Frisian par (“pear”), Dutch peer (“pear”), Danish, Greenlandic, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk pære (“pear”), Faroese, Icelandic pera (“pear”), Swedish päron (“pear”), German Birne (“pear”), Luxembourgish Bier, Bir (“pear”), Vilamovian biyn (“pear”), Yiddish באַר (bar, “pear”), French poire (“pear”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionpereenm
- Inherited-form mentionpereang
- Inherited-form mention*perugmw-pro
- Derivation mentionpirumla
- Cognate mentionpeersco
- Cognate mentionPeerestq
- Cognate mentionparfy
- Cognate mentionpeernl
- Cognate mentionpærenn
- Cognate mentionperais
- Cognate mentionpäronsv
- Cognate mentionBirnede
- Cognate mentionBierlb
- Cognate mentionbiynwym
- Cognate mentionבאַרyi
- Cognate mentionpoirefr
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:pere<id:pear>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nVulgar Latin pirabor.\nProto-West Germanic *peru\nOld English pere\nMiddle English pere\nEnglish pear\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"pira\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*peru\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"pere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"pear\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"pear\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pere"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pere"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "pere"
},
"expansion": "Old English pere"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*peru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *peru"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "pira"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin pira"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pirum"
},
"expansion": "Latin pirum"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "peer",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Scots peer (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Peere"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Peere"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "par",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian par (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "peer",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Dutch peer (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "kl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Greenlandic"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "pære",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk pære (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Faroese"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "pera",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic pera (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "päron",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Swedish päron (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Birne",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "German Birne (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Bier"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish Bier"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "biyn",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian biyn (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "באַר",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish באַר (bar, “pear”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "poire",
"3": "",
"4": "pear"
},
"expansion": "French poire (“pear”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:pere<id:pear>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nVulgar Latin pirabor.\nProto-West Germanic *peru\nOld English pere\nMiddle English pere\nEnglish pear"
}
],
"links": [
[
"pira",
"pira#Latin"
],
[
"*peru",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/peru"
],
[
"pere",
"pere#Old_English"
],
[
"pere",
"pere#Middle_English:_pear"
],
[
"pere",
"pere#Middle_English"
],
[
"pere",
"pere#Old_English"
],
[
"*peru",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/peru"
],
[
"pira",
"pira#Latin"
],
[
"pirum",
"pirum#Latin"
],
[
"peer",
"peer#Scots"
],
[
"Peere",
"Peere#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"Pere",
"Pere#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"par",
"par#West_Frisian"
],
[
"peer",
"peer#Dutch"
],
[
"pære",
"pære#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"pera",
"pera#Icelandic"
],
[
"päron",
"päron#Swedish"
],
[
"Birne",
"Birne#German"
],
[
"Bier",
"Bier#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"Bir",
"Bir#Luxembourgish"
],
[
"biyn",
"biyn#Vilamovian"
],
[
"באַר",
"באַר#Yiddish"
],
[
"poire",
"poire#French"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"word": "啤梨",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "be¹ lei⁴⁻²"
},
{
"lang": "Khmer",
"lang_code": "km",
"word": "ផ្លែភា",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "phlae phiə"
},
{
"lang": "Sotho",
"lang_code": "st",
"word": "pere",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"word": "แพร์",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pɛɛ"
},
{
"lang": "Tokelauan",
"lang_code": "tkl",
"word": "pea",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"word": "ipere",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"An edible fruit produced by the pear tree, similar to an apple but typically elongated towards the stem.",
"A type of fruit tree (Pyrus communis).",
"The wood of the pear tree (pearwood, pear wood).",
"Choke pear (a torture device)."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "1acdf2897649d38ecc0c9ae711f2cc6496a0f8ac701ba6afc60dbc8756fd8a7c",
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 67020
}
],
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"lexicalSenses": 2,
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}
}