Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗To wash in a pan (of earth, sand etc. when searching for gold). · To disparage; to belittle; to put down; to harshly criticize, especially a work (book, movie, etc.) · To turn out well; to be successful. · To beat one's opposition convincingly.
Etymology tree substratebor.? Pre-Greekder.? Ancient Greek πᾰτᾰ́νη (pătắnē)bor. Latin patina? Latin pannabor.? Proto-Germanic *pannǭ Proto-West Germanic *pannā Old English panne Middle English panne English pan From Middle English panne, from Old English panne, from Proto-West Germanic *pannā, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ. Further origin uncertain. Alois Walde firstly suggests that it might be from Late Latin panna, from Latin patina (“broad, shallow dish, pan, stewpan”), from Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē, “kind of flat dish”), which is probably from Pre-Greek. But the sound shifting from /patina/ → /patna/ → /panna/ raises questions as -tn- to -nn- is rarely seen in Latin. The mainstream theory as of now (Friedrich Kluge, Julius Pokorny, Guus Kroonen) suggests that it is from Late Latin panna. But its sparse attestation only in the frontier inscriptions and not widespread in most Romance languages raises doubts among a few scholars (notably Michiel de Vaan), being skeptical about its origin, and open for any interpretations (Oxford English Dictionary). Vladmir Orel, in his work Albanian Etymological Dictionary, suggests that both Proto-Germanic *pannǭ and Late Latin panna could be from a non-IE Mediterranean substrate word, considering that classical Latin attestations are scarce and distributed in a specific region, and Proto-Germanic loanwords from non-IE substrates often include agricultural terms, seafaring vocabulary, or animal names. Although, this substrate hypothesis is controversial and most scholars remain skeptical about it. In either case of relationship to the Latin, the English word is a doublet of patina; see there for more doublets and further detail. Cognate with West Frisian panne, Saterland Frisian Ponne, Dutch pan, German Low German Panne, Pann, German Pfanne, Danish pande, Swedish panna, Icelandic panna.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionpanneenm
- Inherited-form mentionpanneang
- Inherited-form mention*pannāgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*pannǭgem-pro
- Derivation mentionpatinala · broad, shallow dish, pan, stewpan
- Derivation mentionπατάνηgrc · kind of flat dish
- Cognate mentionpannefy
- Cognate mentionPonnestq
- Cognate mentionpannl
- Cognate mentionPfannede
- Cognate mentionpandeda
- Cognate mentionpannasv
- Cognate mentionpannais
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:panne<id:pan>",
"id": "panne",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nPre-Greekder.?\nAncient Greek πᾰτᾰ́νη (pătắnē)bor.\nLatin patina?\nLatin pannabor.?\nProto-Germanic *pannǭ\nProto-West Germanic *pannā\nOld English panne\nMiddle English panne\nEnglish pan\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πᾰτᾰ́νη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pannǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pannā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"panne\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"panne\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"pan\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"panne\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"pan\" id=\"English:_panne\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "panne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English panne"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "panne"
},
"expansion": "Old English panne"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*pannā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pannā"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pannǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pannǭ"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "panna"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin panna"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "patina",
"t": "broad, shallow dish, pan, stewpan"
},
"expansion": "Latin patina (“broad, shallow dish, pan, stewpan”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πατάνη",
"t": "kind of flat dish"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē, “kind of flat dish”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "panna"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin panna"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pannǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pannǭ"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "panna"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin panna"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate"
},
{
"name": "dbt",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "patina",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of patina"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "panne"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian panne"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ponne"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Ponne"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pan"
},
"expansion": "Dutch pan"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Panne"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Panne"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pfanne"
},
"expansion": "German Pfanne"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "pande"
},
"expansion": "Danish pande"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "panna"
},
"expansion": "Swedish panna"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "panna"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic panna"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:panne<id:pan>",
"id": "panne",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nPre-Greekder.?\nAncient Greek πᾰτᾰ́νη (pătắnē)bor.\nLatin patina?\nLatin pannabor.?\nProto-Germanic *pannǭ\nProto-West Germanic *pannā\nOld English panne\nMiddle English panne\nEnglish pan"
}
],
"links": [
[
"πᾰτᾰ́νη",
"πατάνη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"patina",
"patina#Latin"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Latin"
],
[
"*pannǭ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/pannǭ"
],
[
"*pannā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pannā"
],
[
"panne",
"panne#Old_English"
],
[
"panne",
"panne#Middle_English:_pan"
],
[
"panne",
"panne#Middle_English"
],
[
"panne",
"panne#Old_English"
],
[
"*pannā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pannā"
],
[
"*pannǭ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/pannǭ"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Latin"
],
[
"patina",
"patina#Latin"
],
[
"πατάνη",
"πατάνη#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Latin"
],
[
"*pannǭ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/pannǭ"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Latin"
],
[
"patina",
"patina#English"
],
[
"panne",
"panne#West_Frisian"
],
[
"Ponne",
"Ponne#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"pan",
"pan#Dutch"
],
[
"Panne",
"Panne#Low_German"
],
[
"Pann",
"Pann#Low_German"
],
[
"Pfanne",
"Pfanne#German"
],
[
"pande",
"pande#Danish"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Swedish"
],
[
"panna",
"panna#Icelandic"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To wash in a pan (of earth, sand etc. when searching for gold).",
"To disparage; to belittle; to put down; to harshly criticize, especially a work (book, movie, etc.)",
"To turn out well; to be successful.",
"To beat one's opposition convincingly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"intransitive",
"informal"
],
"recordId": "c02337059e8466c287d64c8b2d0164993daf40aad76013ccf0a768cc4ae3def7",
"rawRecordSha256": "f04bf48ec128a52b555b04dfebad878c2fd89c7fc86b7cb89da53536b71e0fc2",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 818811
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}