*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of pore

From Middle English pore, from Old French pore, from Latin porus, from Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”). Displaced native English sweat hole from Middle English swet hole, which might have been a reformation of Old

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

A tiny opening in the skin. · By extension any small opening or interstice, especially one of many, or one allowing the passage of a fluid.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English pore, from Old French pore, from Latin porus, from Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”). Displaced native English sweat hole from Middle English swet hole, which might have been a reformation of Old English swātþȳrel (literally “sweat hole”), which competed with līcþēote (literally “body pipe”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*per-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "pore"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English pore"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pore"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pore"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "porus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin porus"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "πόρος",
        "t": "passage"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "ncog",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "sweat hole"
      },
      "expansion": "English sweat hole"
    },
    {
      "name": "ncog",
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "swet hole"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English swet hole"
    },
    {
      "name": "ncog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swātþȳrel",
        "lit": "sweat hole"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swātþȳrel (literally “sweat hole”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "pore",
      "pore#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "pore",
      "pore#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "porus",
      "porus#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "πόρος",
      "πόρος#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "sweat hole",
      "sweat hole#English"
    ],
    [
      "swet hole",
      "swet hole#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "swātþȳrel",
      "swatþyrel#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "līcþēote",
      "licþeote#Old_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A tiny opening in the skin.",
        "By extension any small opening or interstice, especially one of many, or one allowing the passage of a fluid."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "b74585ca541d98a600573aed3df829fe4fa50d4183e01116a246fd18bccbefa0",
      "rawRecordSha256": "03876a745fbfa34160c8079d7a00e090ec53e38c6f108c6246f6a863d08bab1b",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 338188
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

To study meticulously; to go over again and again. · To meditate or reflect in a steady way.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English poren, pouren, puren (“to gaze intently, look closely”), from Old English *pūrian, from Proto-West Germanic *pūrōn, suggested by Old English spyrian (“to investigate, examine”). Akin to Saterland Frisian puurje (“to question, investigate; pry, prod”), West Frisian poarje (“to poke, prod”), Middle Dutch poren (“to pore, look”), Dutch porren (“to poke, prod, stir, encourage, endeavour, attempt”), Low German purren (“to poke, stir”), Danish purre (“to poke, stir, rouse”), dialectal Swedish pora, pura, påra (“to work slowly and gradually, work deliberately”), Old English spor (“track, trace, vestige”). Compare also Middle English puren, piren (“to look, peer”). See peer.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mentionporenenm
  • Derivation mention*pūrianang
  • Inherited-form mention*pūrōngmw-pro
  • Cognate mentionspyrianang · to investigate, examine
  • Cognate mentionpuurjestq · to question, investigate; pry, prod
  • Cognate mentionpoarjefy · to poke, prod
  • Cognate mentionporendum · to pore, look
  • Cognate mentionporrennl · to poke, prod, stir, encourage, endeavour, attempt
  • Cognate mentionpurrennds · to poke, stir
  • Cognate mentionpurreda · to poke, stir, rouse
  • Cognate mentionporasv
  • Cognate mentionsporang · track, trace, vestige
  • Cognate mentionpurenenm
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "poren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English poren"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*pūrian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *pūrian"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*pūrōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pūrōn"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "spyrian",
        "t": "to investigate, examine"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English spyrian (“to investigate, examine”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "stq",
        "2": "puurje",
        "t": "to question, investigate; pry, prod"
      },
      "expansion": "Saterland Frisian puurje (“to question, investigate; pry, prod”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "poarje",
        "t": "to poke, prod"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian poarje (“to poke, prod”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "poren",
        "t": "to pore, look"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch poren (“to pore, look”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "porren",
        "t": "to poke, prod, stir, encourage, endeavour, attempt"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch porren (“to poke, prod, stir, encourage, endeavour, attempt”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "purren",
        "t": "to poke, stir"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German purren (“to poke, stir”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "purre",
        "t": "to poke, stir, rouse"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish purre (“to poke, stir, rouse”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "pora"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish pora"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "spor",
        "t": "track, trace, vestige"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English spor (“track, trace, vestige”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "puren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English puren"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "poren",
      "poren#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "pouren",
      "pouren#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "puren",
      "puren#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "*pūrian",
      "Reconstruction:Old English/purian"
    ],
    [
      "*pūrōn",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pūrōn"
    ],
    [
      "spyrian",
      "spyrian#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "puurje",
      "puurje#Saterland_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "poarje",
      "poarje#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "poren",
      "poren#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "porren",
      "porren#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "purren",
      "purren#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "purre",
      "purre#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "pora",
      "pora#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "pura",
      "pura#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "påra",
      "påra#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "spor",
      "spor#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "puren",
      "puren#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "piren",
      "piren#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "peer",
      "peer#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To study meticulously; to go over again and again.",
        "To meditate or reflect in a steady way."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "00084e322bd8788755985a8771254154343acd80966aaf68ad6c66212cd23d8a",
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 338189
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  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
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    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for pore →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cG9yZQ