*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of swoop

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *swaipaną Proto-West Germanic *swaipan Old English swāpan Middle English swopen English swoop Inherited from Middle English swopen (“to sweep”), from Old English swāpan. Doublet of swaip. Se

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

An instance, or the act of suddenly plunging downward. · A sudden act of seizing. · A quick passage from one note to the next. · A group of swallows or other birds.

verb

To fly or glide downwards suddenly; to plunge (in the air) or nosedive. · To move swiftly, as if with a sweeping movement, especially to attack something. · To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing. · To seize; to catch up; to take with a sweep.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *swaipaną Proto-West Germanic *swaipan Old English swāpan Middle English swopen English swoop Inherited from Middle English swopen (“to sweep”), from Old English swāpan. Doublet of swaip. See also sweep, which was probably the basis for analogical restoration of /w/ in this word.

This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:swopen<t:to sweep>",
        "tree": "1",
        "text": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *swaipaną\nProto-West Germanic *swaipan\nOld English swāpan\nMiddle English swopen\nEnglish swoop\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*swaipan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"swāpan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"swopen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"swoop\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"swoop\">\nInherited from Middle English swopen (“to sweep”), from Old English swāpan."
    },
    {
      "name": "dbt",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "swaip"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of swaip"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:swopen<t:to sweep>",
        "tree": "1",
        "text": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *swaipaną\nProto-West Germanic *swaipan\nOld English swāpan\nMiddle English swopen\nEnglish swoop\nInherited from Middle English swopen (“to sweep”), from Old English swāpan."
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*swaipaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swaipaną"
    ],
    [
      "*swaipan",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swaipan"
    ],
    [
      "swāpan",
      "swapan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "swopen",
      "swopen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "swopen",
      "swopen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "swāpan",
      "swapan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "swaip",
      "swaip#English"
    ],
    [
      "sweep",
      "sweep#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "An instance, or the act of suddenly plunging downward.",
        "A sudden act of seizing.",
        "A quick passage from one note to the next.",
        "A group of swallows or other birds."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "collective"
      ],
      "recordId": "52c40852dfd41e6257f55f89f1e15c94f2bc16e7d514f050caf60f5efb6186f2",
      "rawRecordSha256": "f66aaadef71fa0befe9956452fcd154720d7016babcd616d321b7b341441403b",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 309886
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To fly or glide downwards suddenly; to plunge (in the air) or nosedive.",
        "To move swiftly, as if with a sweeping movement, especially to attack something.",
        "To fall on at once and seize; to catch while on the wing.",
        "To seize; to catch up; to take with a sweep."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "c48e8f9d81712a3270d5940a96f5d308faa266513d51085beba88603149f2680",
      "rawRecordSha256": "96663ea2fcc5f81027cf5b7ec8ae94b8d73b01305868dc3d31ddee29560ecc5c",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 309885
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 2,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for swoop →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c3dvb3A