Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗plural of sow
A pig, an animal of family Suidae, especially in agricultural contexts. · Pig, pork, the meat of pigs. · A contemptible person, particularly one imbued with negative piglike characteristics, a greedy, lazy, dirty, and/or lecherous person. · A police officer.
From Middle English swyn, swin; from Old English swīn; from Proto-West Germanic *swīn; from Proto-Germanic *swīną; from an adjectival form of Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig”). * In modern use, especially as a term of abuse, frequently a calque of German Schwein or its derivatives. * In reference to wolffish, a clipping of swinefish. Cognates Related to West Frisian swyn, Low German Swien, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish svin, Faroese and Icelandic svín, and more distantly to Polish świnia, Russian свинья́ (svinʹjá), Latin sūinus, Latin sūs, Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs), Persian خوک (xuk).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionswynenm
- Inherited-form mentionswīnang
- Inherited-form mention*swīngmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*swīnągem-pro
- Derivation mention*suH-ine-pro
- Calque mentionSchweinde
- Cognate mentionswynfy
- Cognate mentionSwiennds
- Cognate mentionzwijnnl
- Cognate mentionSchweinde
- Cognate mentionświniapl
- Cognate mentionсвинья́ru
- Cognate mentionsūinusla
- Cognate mentionsūsla
- Cognate mentionὗςgrc
- Cognate mentionخوکfa
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "swyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English swyn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "swīn"
},
"expansion": "Old English swīn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swīn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swīn"
},
{
"name": "inh",
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"3": "*swīną"
},
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},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*suH-",
"4": "",
"5": "pig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig”)"
},
{
"name": "calque",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Schwein",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of German Schwein"
},
{
"name": "clip",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "swinefish",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "clipping of swinefish"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "swyn"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian swyn"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Swien"
},
"expansion": "Low German Swien"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zwijn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zwijn"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schwein"
},
"expansion": "German Schwein"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da,nb,nn,sv",
"2": "svin"
},
"expansion": "Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish svin"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fo,is",
"2": "svín"
},
"expansion": "Faroese and Icelandic svín"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "świnia"
},
"expansion": "Polish świnia"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "свинья́"
},
"expansion": "Russian свинья́ (svinʹjá)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūinus"
},
"expansion": "Latin sūinus"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūs"
},
"expansion": "Latin sūs"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὗς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "خوک",
"tr": "xuk"
},
"expansion": "Persian خوک (xuk)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"swyn",
"swyn#Middle_English"
],
[
"swin",
"swin#Middle_English"
],
[
"swīn",
"swin#Old_English"
],
[
"*swīn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swīn"
],
[
"*swīną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swīną"
],
[
"*suH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/suH-"
],
[
"Schwein",
"Schwein#German"
],
[
"swinefish",
"swinefish#English"
],
[
"swyn",
"swyn#West_Frisian"
],
[
"Swien",
"Swien#Low_German"
],
[
"zwijn",
"zwijn#Dutch"
],
[
"Schwein",
"Schwein#German"
],
[
"Danish",
"svin#Danish"
],
[
"Norwegian Bokmål",
"svin#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"Norwegian Nynorsk",
"svin#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
],
[
"svin",
"svin#Swedish"
],
[
"Faroese",
"svín#Faroese"
],
[
"svín",
"svín#Icelandic"
],
[
"świnia",
"świnia#Polish"
],
[
"свинья́",
"свинья#Russian"
],
[
"sūinus",
"suinus#Latin"
],
[
"sūs",
"sus#Latin"
],
[
"ὗς",
"ὗς#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"خوک",
"خوک#Persian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"plural of sow"
],
"tags": [
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{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A pig, an animal of family Suidae, especially in agricultural contexts.",
"Pig, pork, the meat of pigs.",
"A contemptible person, particularly one imbued with negative piglike characteristics, a greedy, lazy, dirty, and/or lecherous person.",
"A police officer."
],
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],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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}