*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of swift

From Middle English swift, from Old English swift (“swift; quick”), from Proto-Germanic *swiftaz (“swift; quick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)weyp- (“to twist; wind around”). Cognate with Icelandic svipta (“to pull qui

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
adv

Swiftly.

adj

Fast; quick; rapid. · Capable of moving at high speeds. · Quick-thinking; bright.

noun

A small plain-colored bird of the family Apodidae that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight. · Any of certain lizards of the genus Sceloporus. · A moth of the family Hepialidae, swift moth, ghost moth. · Any of various fast-flying hesperiid butterflies.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English swift, from Old English swift (“swift; quick”), from Proto-Germanic *swiftaz (“swift; quick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)weyp- (“to twist; wind around”). Cognate with Icelandic svipta (“to pull quickly”), Old English swīfan (“to revolve, sweep, wend, intervene”). More at swivel.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionswiftenm
  • Inherited-form mentionswiftang · swift; quick
  • Inherited-form mention*swiftazgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*(s)weyp-ine-pro · to twist; wind around
  • Cognate mentionsviptais
  • Cognate mentionswīfanang

This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:swift<ety:inh<ang:swift>>"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ksweybʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*swībaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"swīfan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"swift\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"swift\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"swift\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"swift\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "swift"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English swift"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swift",
        "t": "swift; quick"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swift (“swift; quick”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swiftaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "swift; quick"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swiftaz (“swift; quick”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)weyp-",
        "t": "to twist; wind around"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)weyp- (“to twist; wind around”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "svipta",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pull quickly"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic svipta (“to pull quickly”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "swīfan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to revolve, sweep, wend, intervene"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swīfan (“to revolve, sweep, wend, intervene”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:swift<ety:inh<ang:swift>>"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "swift",
      "swift#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "swift",
      "swift#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*swiftaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swiftaz"
    ],
    [
      "*(s)weyp-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)weyp-"
    ],
    [
      "svipta",
      "svipta#Icelandic"
    ],
    [
      "swīfan",
      "swifan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "swivel",
      "swivel#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "adv",
      "glosses": [
        "Swiftly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "poetic"
      ],
      "recordId": "2a7ae9e598d8579f2fbf763502aef7b197afd5416acfa0612e5513db2398d340",
      "rawRecordSha256": "0329f09460681927e14a936f83d2c54c4e7e175d875f24307d769e19aec7fdcf",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 223048
    },
    {
      "pos": "adj",
      "glosses": [
        "Fast; quick; rapid.",
        "Capable of moving at high speeds.",
        "Quick-thinking; bright."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "recordId": "3a01b2c3d9532c7935c6441a1c5938aafb2716a3aa2d044bf83ec9aded40e096",
      "rawRecordSha256": "fc12f781f461a211130ad25212607f1c22136b3dd54204f39bd13484e636490c",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 223047
    },
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A small plain-colored bird of the family Apodidae that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight.",
        "Any of certain lizards of the genus Sceloporus.",
        "A moth of the family Hepialidae, swift moth, ghost moth.",
        "Any of various fast-flying hesperiid butterflies."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "a013266d528b26bad86e5e25509a869240e38b20cb89d0c90abd12a31642323e",
      "rawRecordSha256": "3667390e965ae938a43d158c34e20e8a3a1b365191ebeb5690a01b32a1eaa534",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 223049
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 3,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for swift →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c3dpZnQ