Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗An irrational number, especially one expressed using the √ symbol. · A voiceless consonant.
Lacking the sense of hearing; deaf. · unheard · Involving surds, or irrational numbers; not capable of being expressed in rational numbers. · unvoiced; voiceless
First attested in the mid 16th century from Latin surdus (“deaf, mute”), used in mathematics for “irrational,” reflecting ἄλογος (álogos, “irrational, speechless”) as found in Euclid, apparently transmitted via Arabic جِذْر أَصَمّ (jiḏr ʔaṣamm, “deaf root”). The phonetic sense, “voiceless,” emerged in the 18th century. Doublet of surdo.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Borrowed-form mentionsurdusla · deaf, mute
- Derivation mentionجِذْر أَصَمّar · deaf root
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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