*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of steel

From Middle English stele, stel, from Old English stīele, from Proto-West Germanic *stahlī (“something made of steel”), enlargement of *stahl (“steel”), from Proto-Germanic *stahlą, from *stah- or *stag- (“to be firm, ri

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
adj

Made of steel. · Similar to steel in color, strength, or the like; steely. · Of or belonging to the manufacture or trade in steel. · Containing steel.

noun

An artificial metal produced from iron, harder and more elastic than elemental iron; used figuratively as a symbol of hardness. · Bladed or pointed weapons, as swords, javelins, daggers. · A piece used for striking sparks from flint or ferrocerium. · Armor.

verb

To edge, cover, or point with steel. · To back with steel. · To treat a liquid with steel for medicinal purposes. · To electroplate an item (particularly an engraving plate) with a layer of iron.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English stele, stel, from Old English stīele, from Proto-West Germanic *stahlī (“something made of steel”), enlargement of *stahl (“steel”), from Proto-Germanic *stahlą, from *stah- or *stag- (“to be firm, rigid”), from Proto-Indo-European *stak- (“to stay, to be firm”). Compare Scots stele, Yola stehli, German Stahl, Dutch staal, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish stål.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionsteleenm
  • Inherited-form mentionstīeleang
  • Inherited-form mention*stahlīgmw-pro · something made of steel
  • Derivation mention*stahlągem-pro
  • Derivation mention*stak-ine-pro · to stay, to be firm
  • Cognate mentionstelesco
  • Cognate mentionstehliyol
  • Cognate mentionStahlde
  • Cognate mentionstaalnl

This page abbreviates 17 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "inh",
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "stele"
      },
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    },
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        "2": "ang",
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      },
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    },
    {
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      "args": {
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        "t": "something made of steel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stahlī (“something made of steel”)"
    },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "2": "stele"
      },
      "expansion": "Scots stele"
    },
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      },
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    },
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      },
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      "stel#Middle_English"
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      "stiele#Old_English"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stahlī"
    ],
    [
      "*stahl",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stahl"
    ],
    [
      "*stahlą",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stahlą"
    ],
    [
      "*stah-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stah-"
    ],
    [
      "*stag-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stag-"
    ],
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      "staal#Dutch"
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      "Danish",
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      "stål#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
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      "stål#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
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      "stål",
      "stål#Swedish"
    ]
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        "Made of steel.",
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        "Containing steel."
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        "A piece used for striking sparks from flint or ferrocerium.",
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        "To electroplate an item (particularly an engraving plate) with a layer of iron."
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}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
name

Coldbath Fields Prison in London, closed in 1877.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From French Bastille (a French prison).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "Bastille"
      },
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  ],
  "links": [
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for steel →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c3RlZWw