Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo trigger, kindle into activity (an argument, etc). · To light; to kindle. · To give off a spark or sparks. · To shoot; to fire
Etymology tree Proto-West Germanic *sparkō Old English spearca Middle English sparke English spark From Middle English sparke, sperke, from Old English spearca, from Proto-West Germanic *sparkō (compare Saterland Frisian Spoorke, West Frisian spark, Dutch spark, German Low German Sparke, German Sparke), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *sparkaz (“lively, energetic”), from Proto-Indo-European *sperg- (“to strew, sprinkle”) (compare Breton erc’h (“snow”), Latin spargō (“to scatter, spread”), sparsus (“scattered”), Lithuanian sprógti (“to germinate”), Ancient Greek σπαργάω (spargáō, “to swell”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀 (frasparega, “branch, twig”), Sanskrit पर्जन्य (parjanya, “rain, rain god”)).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionsparkeenm
- Inherited-form mentionspearcaang
- Inherited-form mention*sparkōgmw-pro
- Cognate mentionSpoorkestq
- Cognate mentionsparkfy
- Cognate mentionsparknl
- Cognate mentionSparkede
- Derivation mention*sparkazgem-pro · lively, energetic
- Derivation mention*sperg-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionerc’hbr
- Cognate mentionspargōla
- Cognate mentionsprógtilt
- Cognate mentionσπαργάωgrc
- Cognate mention𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀ae · branch, twig
- Cognate mentionपर्जन्यsa
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:sparke",
"id": "particle",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *sparkō\nOld English spearca\nMiddle English sparke\nEnglish spark\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"spearca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"sparke\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"spark\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"particle\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"spark\" id=\"English:_particle\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sparke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sparke"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spearca"
},
"expansion": "Old English spearca"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sparkō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sparkō"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Spoorke"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Spoorke"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "spark"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian spark"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Dutch spark"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Sparke"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Sparke"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sparke"
},
"expansion": "German Sparke"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sparkaz",
"t": "lively, energetic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sparkaz (“lively, energetic”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sperg-",
"4": "",
"5": "to strew, sprinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sperg- (“to strew, sprinkle”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "erc’h",
"3": "",
"4": "snow"
},
"expansion": "Breton erc’h (“snow”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spargō",
"3": "",
"4": "to scatter, spread"
},
"expansion": "Latin spargō (“to scatter, spread”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sprógti",
"3": "",
"4": "to germinate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sprógti (“to germinate”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σπαργάω",
"3": "",
"4": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σπαργάω (spargáō, “to swell”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀",
"t": "branch, twig"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀 (frasparega, “branch, twig”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पर्जन्य",
"3": "",
"4": "rain, rain god"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पर्जन्य (parjanya, “rain, rain god”)"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
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"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
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"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *sparkō\nOld English spearca\nMiddle English sparke\nEnglish spark"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*sparkō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sparkō"
],
[
"spearca",
"spearca#Old_English"
],
[
"sparke",
"sparke#Middle_English"
],
[
"sparke",
"sparke#Middle_English"
],
[
"sperke",
"sperke#Middle_English"
],
[
"spearca",
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[
"*sparkō",
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[
"Spoorke",
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],
[
"spark",
"spark#West_Frisian"
],
[
"spark",
"spark#Dutch"
],
[
"Sparke",
"Sparke#Low_German"
],
[
"Sparke",
"Sparke#German"
],
[
"*sparkaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sparkaz"
],
[
"*sperg-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sperg-"
],
[
"erc’h",
"erc’h#Breton"
],
[
"spargō",
"spargo#Latin"
],
[
"sparsus",
"sparsus#Latin"
],
[
"sprógti",
"sprogti#Lithuanian"
],
[
"σπαργάω",
"σπαργάω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀",
"𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀#Avestan"
],
[
"पर्जन्य",
"पर्जन्य#Sanskrit"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To trigger, kindle into activity (an argument, etc).",
"To light; to kindle.",
"To give off a spark or sparks.",
"To shoot; to fire"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive",
"intransitive"
],
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