Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗A chip or splinter of wood. · A lath; a shaving or chip, as of wood or stone. · A strengthening cross timber. · One of a number of crossbands fastened temporarily to the frames to keep them in place until properly secured.
From Middle English spale (“splinter”), perhaps partly from Old English *spalu (“flat bar, flake, chip”) or Old Norse spǫlr (“plank, rail, bar, short piece of wood”), both from Proto-Germanic *spaluz (“pole, rod, thin bar, lath”); and partly as an alteration of Old English speld (“ember, flake, torch, splinter, thin piece of wood used as a torch”), from Proto-Germanic *speldą (“that which is split, splinter, board”); both from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pala-, *(s)pel- (“to split in two, split in half”). Cognate with Middle High German spale ("rung of a ladder"; > dialectal German Spale (“a wooden split, wedge”)), dialectal Swedish spalu (“splinter”), dialectal Norwegian spel, spela, spila (“a splinter”), Icelandic spölur (“bit, short piece”). See also split.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentionspaleenm
- Inherited-form mention*spaluang
- Derivation mentionspǫlrnon
- Inherited-form mention*spaluzgem-pro
- Derivation mentionspeldang
- Derivation mention*speldągem-pro
- Derivation mention*(s)pala-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionspalegmh
- Cognate mentionSpalede
- Cognate mentionspalusv
- Cognate mentionspelno
- Cognate mentionspöluris
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spale",
"4": "",
"5": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spale (“splinter”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*spalu",
"4": "",
"5": "flat bar, flake, chip"
},
"expansion": "Old English *spalu (“flat bar, flake, chip”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "spǫlr",
"4": "",
"5": "plank, rail, bar, short piece of wood"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse spǫlr (“plank, rail, bar, short piece of wood”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*spaluz",
"4": "",
"5": "pole, rod, thin bar, lath"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spaluz (“pole, rod, thin bar, lath”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "speld",
"4": "",
"5": "ember, flake, torch, splinter, thin piece of wood used as a torch"
},
"expansion": "Old English speld (“ember, flake, torch, splinter, thin piece of wood used as a torch”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*speldą",
"4": "",
"5": "that which is split, splinter, board"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *speldą (“that which is split, splinter, board”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)pala-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pala-"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spale"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German spale"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spale",
"3": "",
"4": "a wooden split, wedge"
},
"expansion": "German Spale (“a wooden split, wedge”)"
},
{
"name": "gloss",
"args": {
"1": "\"rung of a ladder\"; > dialectal German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">Spale</i> (“a wooden split, wedge”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"rung of a ladder\"; > dialectal German Spale (“a wooden split, wedge”))"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spalu",
"3": "",
"4": "splinter"
},
"expansion": "Swedish spalu (“splinter”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "spel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian spel"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "spölur",
"3": "",
"4": "bit, short piece"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic spölur (“bit, short piece”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"spale",
"spale#Middle_English"
],
[
"*spalu",
"Reconstruction:Old English/spalu"
],
[
"spǫlr",
"spǫlr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*spaluz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spaluz"
],
[
"speld",
"speld#Old_English"
],
[
"*speldą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/speldą"
],
[
"*(s)pala-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)pala-"
],
[
"*(s)pel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)pel-"
],
[
"spale",
"spale#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"German",
"w:German language"
],
[
"Spale",
"Spale#German"
],
[
"spalu",
"spalu#Swedish"
],
[
"spel",
"spel#Norwegian"
],
[
"spela",
"spela#Norwegian"
],
[
"spila",
"spila#Norwegian"
],
[
"spölur",
"spölur#Icelandic"
],
[
"split",
"split#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A chip or splinter of wood.",
"A lath; a shaving or chip, as of wood or stone.",
"A strengthening cross timber.",
"One of a number of crossbands fastened temporarily to the frames to keep them in place until properly secured."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"recordId": "03c1f47f20935e97d6b208236fcf8418d36f3b1ed9218bfed80ca163786cbc52",
"rawRecordSha256": "e92cd65ef05dc97af58712ea35ac08a6c951c73a890d1c3d540eeb0f8e8b8f5c",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 3918845
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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"lexicalRecords": 0,
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}