*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of shrug

From Middle English schruggen, shrukken, probably of North Germanic origin related to Danish skrugge, skrukke (“to stoop; crouch”), Swedish skruga, skrukka (“to huddle; crouch”), all from or related to Old Norse skrykkva

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A lifting of the shoulders to signal indifference or a casual lack of knowledge about something. · A cropped, cardiganlike garment with short or long sleeves, typically knitted.

verb

To raise (the shoulders) to express uncertainty, lack of concern, (formerly) dread, etc.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English schruggen, shrukken, probably of North Germanic origin related to Danish skrugge, skrukke (“to stoop; crouch”), Swedish skruga, skrukka (“to huddle; crouch”), all from or related to Old Norse skrykkva, from Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną. Compare also Old English scrincan (“to shrink”). More at shrink.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "schruggen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English schruggen"
    },
    {
      "name": "uder",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmq",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "North Germanic"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "skrykkva"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse skrykkva"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skrinkwaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "scrincan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shrink"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English scrincan (“to shrink”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "schruggen",
      "schruggen#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "shrukken",
      "shrukken#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "skrugge",
      "skrugge#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "skrukke",
      "skrukke#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "skruga",
      "skruga#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "skrukka",
      "skrukka#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "skrykkva",
      "skrykkva#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "*skrinkwaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrinkwaną"
    ],
    [
      "scrincan",
      "scrincan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "shrink",
      "shrink#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A lifting of the shoulders to signal indifference or a casual lack of knowledge about something.",
        "A cropped, cardiganlike garment with short or long sleeves, typically knitted."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "318ef11162cc843e5495df3f95d75c37fd9ad0c6d0aacaa8937fab8a8d74b3ff",
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      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 314492
    },
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To raise (the shoulders) to express uncertainty, lack of concern, (formerly) dread, etc."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ambitransitive"
      ],
      "recordId": "d52e539c0b25edb1fea598709e7546517f8160792e9e9f76d70cf0cdbfb909b5",
      "rawRecordSha256": "ef3f608fd0844d24666f7a0d930c20961f13513efc9e09f07a345e616737a4f5",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 314493
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for shrug →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c2hydWc