*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of shove

From Middle English schouven, from Old English sċūfan, from Proto-West Germanic *skeuban, from Proto-Germanic *skeubaną, from Proto-Indo-European *skewbʰ-. See also West Frisian skowe, Low German schuven, Dutch schuiven,

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
verb

To push, especially roughly or with force. · To move off or along by an act of pushing, as with an oar or pole used in a boat; sometimes with off. · To make an all-in bet. · To pass (counterfeit money).

noun

A rough push. · An all-in bet. · A forward movement of packed river-ice.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English schouven, from Old English sċūfan, from Proto-West Germanic *skeuban, from Proto-Germanic *skeubaną, from Proto-Indo-European *skewbʰ-. See also West Frisian skowe, Low German schuven, Dutch schuiven, German schieben, Danish skubbe, Norwegian Bokmål skyve, Norwegian Nynorsk skuva; also Lithuanian skùbti (“to hurry”), Polish skubać (“to pluck”), Albanian humb (“to lose”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "schouven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English schouven"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċūfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċūfan"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skeuban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skeuban"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
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        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skeubaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skeubaną"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*skewbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skewbʰ-"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "skowe"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian skowe"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "schuven"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German schuven"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "schuiven"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch schuiven"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "schieben"
      },
      "expansion": "German schieben"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "skubbe"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish skubbe"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "skyve"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål skyve"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "skuva"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk skuva"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "skùbti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian skùbti"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "skubać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish skubać"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "humb"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian humb"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "schouven",
      "schouven#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "sċūfan",
      "scufan#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*skeuban",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skeuban"
    ],
    [
      "*skeubaną",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skeubaną"
    ],
    [
      "*skewbʰ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skewbʰ-"
    ],
    [
      "skowe",
      "skowe#West_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "schuven",
      "schuven#Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "schuiven",
      "schuiven#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "schieben",
      "schieben#German"
    ],
    [
      "skubbe",
      "skubbe#Danish"
    ],
    [
      "skyve",
      "skyve#Norwegian_Bokmål"
    ],
    [
      "skuva",
      "skuva#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
    ],
    [
      "skùbti",
      "skubti#Lithuanian"
    ],
    [
      "skubać",
      "skubać#Polish"
    ],
    [
      "humb",
      "humb#Albanian"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To push, especially roughly or with force.",
        "To move off or along by an act of pushing, as with an oar or pole used in a boat; sometimes with off.",
        "To make an all-in bet.",
        "To pass (counterfeit money)."
      ],
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      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A rough push.",
        "An all-in bet.",
        "A forward movement of packed river-ice."
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  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
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    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
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}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for shove →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c2hvdmU