Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗To move from one place to another; to redistribute. · To change in form or character; switch. · To change position; to move. · To change residence; to leave and live elsewhere.
A movement to do something, a beginning. · An act of shifting; a slight movement or change. · A share, a portion assigned on division. · A type of women's undergarment of dress length worn under dresses or skirts, a slip or chemise.
The verb is from Middle English schiften, from Old English sċiftan (“to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise”), from Proto-West Germanic *skiftijan, from Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną, *skiptijaną, from earlier *skipatjaną (“to organise, put in order”), from Proto-Indo-European *skeyb- (“to separate, divide, part”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, divide, separate, part”). Cognate with Scots schift, skift (“to shift”), West Frisian skifte, skiftsje (“to sort”), Dutch schiften (“to sort, screen, winnow, part”), Low German schichten (“to stack, layer”), German schichten (“to stack, layer”), Swedish skifta (“to shift, change, exchange, vary”), Norwegian skifte (“to shift”), Icelandic skipta (“to switch”). See ship. The noun is from Middle English schyft, shyffte. Cognate with Dutch schift (“split, fissure”), German Schicht (“layer, shift”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*skey-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionschiftenenm
- Inherited-form mentionsċiftanang · to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise
- Inherited-form mention*skiftijangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*skiftijanągem-pro
- Derivation mention*skeyb-ine-pro · to separate, divide, part
- Derivation mention*skey-ine-pro · to cut, divide, separate, part
- Cognate mentionschiftsco
- Cognate mentionskiftefy
- Cognate mentionschiftennl · to sort, screen, winnow, part
- Cognate mentionschichtennds · to stack, layer
- Cognate mentionschichtende · to stack, layer
- Cognate mentionskiftasv · to shift, change, exchange, vary
- Cognate mentionskifteno · to shift
- Cognate mentionskiptais · to switch
- Inherited-form mentionschyftenm
- Cognate mentionschiftnl · split, fissure
- Cognate mentionSchichtde · layer, shift
This page abbreviates 33 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skey-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schiften"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiften"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċiftan",
"t": "to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċiftan (“to divide, separate into shares; appoint, ordain; arrange, organise”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skiftijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skiftijan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skiftijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skeyb-",
"t": "to separate, divide, part"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skeyb- (“to separate, divide, part”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skey-",
"t": "to cut, divide, separate, part"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, divide, separate, part”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schift"
},
"expansion": "Scots schift"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "skifte"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian skifte"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schiften",
"t": "to sort, screen, winnow, part"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schiften (“to sort, screen, winnow, part”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "schichten",
"t": "to stack, layer"
},
"expansion": "Low German schichten (“to stack, layer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schichten",
"t": "to stack, layer"
},
"expansion": "German schichten (“to stack, layer”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "skifta",
"t": "to shift, change, exchange, vary"
},
"expansion": "Swedish skifta (“to shift, change, exchange, vary”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "skifte",
"t": "to shift"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian skifte (“to shift”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skipta",
"t": "to switch"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skipta (“to switch”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "schyft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schyft"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schift",
"t": "split, fissure"
},
"expansion": "Dutch schift (“split, fissure”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schicht",
"t": "layer, shift"
},
"expansion": "German Schicht (“layer, shift”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"schiften",
"schiften#Middle_English"
],
[
"sċiftan",
"sciftan#Old_English"
],
[
"*skiftijan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skiftijan"
],
[
"*skiftijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skiftijaną"
],
[
"*skiptijaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skiptijaną"
],
[
"*skipatjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skipatjaną"
],
[
"*skeyb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skeyb-"
],
[
"*skey-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skey-"
],
[
"schift",
"schift#Scots"
],
[
"skift",
"skift#Scots"
],
[
"skifte",
"skifte#West_Frisian"
],
[
"skiftsje",
"skiftsje#West_Frisian"
],
[
"schiften",
"schiften#Dutch"
],
[
"schichten",
"schichten#Low_German"
],
[
"schichten",
"schichten#German"
],
[
"skifta",
"skifta#Swedish"
],
[
"skifte",
"skifte#Norwegian"
],
[
"skipta",
"skipta#Icelandic"
],
[
"ship",
"ship#English"
],
[
"schyft",
"schyft#Middle_English"
],
[
"shyffte",
"shyffte#Middle_English"
],
[
"schift",
"schift#Dutch"
],
[
"Schicht",
"Schicht#German"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To move from one place to another; to redistribute.",
"To change in form or character; switch.",
"To change position; to move.",
"To change residence; to leave and live elsewhere."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"sometimes",
"transitive",
"ergative",
"intransitive",
"reflexive",
"India"
],
"recordId": "4e26204e8445df8261a83c003a8640fd513aa14d86f302bd4eb5084be6cd6068",
"rawRecordSha256": "fa30943b9c334d5ffe45dda856e0260d0cb41dadd0a604fde87393a83d292038",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 247313
},
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A movement to do something, a beginning.",
"An act of shifting; a slight movement or change.",
"A share, a portion assigned on division.",
"A type of women's undergarment of dress length worn under dresses or skirts, a slip or chemise."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"obsolete",
"historical"
],
"recordId": "cda18fa02b3370ec8a922da69621f326f60d41c8da8c1d44ca334ef69aed8d0a",
"rawRecordSha256": "ded5959ca4d50afc315d4082acb5adb53919f11b1db24986e427aa403f7bb221",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 247312
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 33,
"glosses": 0
}
}